Kongnyuy Eugene Justine, Wiysonge Charles Shey, Shey Muki Shehu
Child and Reproductive Health Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009 Jan;104(1):5-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.08.023. Epub 2008 Oct 15.
We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, AIDSearch, and Gateway to assess the effect of prenatal and/or postnatal vitamin A supplementation on the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and other pregnancy outcomes. We included 5 trials totaling 7528 women (4 trials of prenatal and 1 trial of postnatal supplementation). Overall, there was no evidence of an effect of prenatal and/or postnatal vitamin A supplementation on the risk of MTCT of HIV (Relative Risk [RR] 1.06, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.89-1.26). However, prenatal vitamin A supplementation significantly improved birth weight (weighted mean difference 89.78; 95% CI, 84.73-94.83), but there was no evidence of an effect on stillbirths (RR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.68-1.43), preterm births (RR 0.88; 95% CI, 0.65-1.19), death before 24 months among live births (RR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.91-1.29), and maternal death (RR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.59-1.17). The available evidence does not support vitamin A supplementation of HIV-infected pregnant and lactating women, despite improvement in birth weight.
我们检索了考科蓝图书馆、医学索引数据库、循证医学数据库、艾滋病信息数据库以及网关数据库，以评估产前和/或产后补充维生素A对母婴传播艾滋病毒风险及其他妊娠结局的影响。我们纳入了5项试验，共计7528名女性（4项产前补充试验和1项产后补充试验）。总体而言，没有证据表明产前和/或产后补充维生素A会影响母婴传播艾滋病毒的风险（相对风险[RR]为1.06，95%置信区间[CI]为0.89 - 1.26）。然而，产前补充维生素A显著提高了出生体重（加权平均差为89.78；95% CI为84.73 - 94.83），但没有证据表明对死产（RR为0.99；95% CI为0.68 - 1.43）、早产（RR为0.88；95% CI为0.65 - 1.19）、活产儿24个月前死亡（RR为1.08；95% CI为0.91 - 1.29）以及孕产妇死亡（RR为0.83；95% CI为0.59 - 1.17）有影响。现有证据不支持对感染艾滋病毒的孕妇和哺乳期妇女补充维生素A，尽管出生体重有所改善。
