Scuderi G L, Pasquale N
University of Rome, La Sapienza 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
Prog Brain Res. 2008;173:225-36. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)01116-3.
Glaucoma is a long-term ocular neuropathy defined by optic disc or retinal nerve fiber structural abnormalities and visual-field defects. Treatment for glaucoma consists of reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) to an acceptable target range to prevent further optic-nerve damage. Currently available treatments include topical drug (single then multidrug combinations) followed, for those patients on maximal tolerated medical therapy who still need additional IOP reduction, by laser treatments. These included laser iridotomy, laser trabeculoplasty, laser iridoplasty, laser cyclophotocoagulation. Although the various types of laser enjoyed great success as glaucoma therapy for many years, recently the excimer laser trabeculotomy is a promising IOP-lowering technique.
青光眼是一种长期的眼部神经病变，由视盘或视网膜神经纤维结构异常以及视野缺损所定义。青光眼的治疗包括将眼压降低到可接受的目标范围，以防止视神经进一步受损。目前可用的治疗方法包括局部用药（先单一用药，然后联合多种药物），对于那些接受最大耐受药物治疗仍需要进一步降低眼压的患者，则采用激光治疗。这些治疗方法包括激光虹膜切开术、激光小梁成形术、激光虹膜成形术、激光睫状体光凝术。尽管多年来各种类型的激光在青光眼治疗方面取得了巨大成功，但最近准分子激光小梁切开术是一种很有前景的降低眼压技术。
