Buron Bill
Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas, USA.
Geriatr Nurs. 2008 Sep-Oct;29(5):324-32. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2007.11.001.
"Personhood" is a concept that may be seen as insignificant to health care delivery, yet it has strong relevance to people suffering from dementia in nursing home settings. When the dementia disease process negatively affects residents' cognition, memory, and the ability to communicate effectively, nursing home caregivers may approach care in a paternalistic manner, similar to a parent's authority over a child. Based on attributes of personhood identified in the literature, 3 levels of personhood are defined, discussed, and related to the naturally occurring dementia disease progression. Challenges to, and benefits of, the promotion of personhood in current nursing home dementia care are discussed. The author proposes a Personhood Model for Dementia Care that is based on the 3 identified levels of personhood. The model provides a structure for organizing existing person-centered interventions and strategies in dementia care. In addition, the proposed model provides a framework for understanding and testing the potential value and significance of future person-centered interventions as they are developed and implemented.
“人格”这一概念或许看似与医疗服务并无关联，但对于养老院中患有痴呆症的患者而言却有着重大意义。当痴呆症病程对患者的认知、记忆以及有效沟通能力产生负面影响时，养老院护理人员可能会采取家长式的护理方式，类似于父母对孩子的权威。基于文献中所确定的人格属性，本文定义并讨论了三个层次的人格，并将其与自然发生的痴呆症病程相关联。文中探讨了当前养老院痴呆症护理中促进人格发展所面临的挑战和益处。作者提出了一个基于所确定的三个层次人格的痴呆症护理人格模型。该模型为组织痴呆症护理中现有的以患者为中心的干预措施和策略提供了一个架构。此外，所提出的模型为理解和测试未来在开发和实施以患者为中心的干预措施时的潜在价值和意义提供了一个框架。
