Lopez Elena N, Drobes David J, Thompson J Kevin, Brandon Thomas H
Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
Health Psychol. 2008 May;27(3S):S243-51. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.27.3(suppl.).s243.
Previous correlational and quasi-experimental research has established that weight concerns and negative body image are associated with tobacco smoking, cessation, and relapse, particularly among young women. This study examined the causal influence of body image upon smoking motivation by merging methodologies from the addiction and body image literatures.
Using a cue-reactivity paradigm, the study tested whether an experimental manipulation designed to challenge women's body image-specifically, their weight dissatisfaction-influenced their motivation to smoke. Female college smokers (N= 62) were included in a 2 X 2 factorial, within-subjects design (body image cues X smoking cues).
Self-reported urge to smoke was the primary dependent measure, with skin conductance as a secondary measure.
As hypothesized, the presentation of smoking images and thin model images produced greater urges to smoke than control images. Additionally, trait weight concerns moderated the effect of the body image manipulation such that those women with greater weight concerns produced greater craving to the thin model image (when smoking cues were not present).
These findings provide initial evidence that situational challenges to body image are causally related to smoking motivation.
以往的相关性研究和准实验研究表明，对体重的担忧和负面身体形象与吸烟、戒烟及复吸有关，尤其是在年轻女性中。本研究通过融合成瘾和身体形象文献中的方法，考察了身体形象对吸烟动机的因果影响。
采用线索反应范式，该研究测试了一种旨在挑战女性身体形象（具体而言，她们对体重的不满）的实验操纵是否会影响她们的吸烟动机。女性大学吸烟者（N = 62）被纳入一个2×2析因的被试内设计（身体形象线索×吸烟线索）。
自我报告的吸烟冲动是主要的因变量指标，皮肤电传导作为次要指标。
正如所假设的，吸烟图片和瘦模特图片的呈现比对照图片产生了更强烈的吸烟冲动。此外，特质性的体重担忧调节了身体形象操纵的效果，以至于那些体重担忧更大的女性对瘦模特图片产生了更强烈的渴望（当不存在吸烟线索时）。
这些发现提供了初步证据，表明对身体形象的情境挑战与吸烟动机存在因果关系。
