Glenn S, Cunningham C, Poole H, Reeves D, Weindling M
School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Henry Cotton Building, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool L3 2FT, UK.
Child Care Health Dev. 2009 Jan;35(1):71-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2008.00891.x. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
To investigate factors predicting parenting stress in mothers of pre-school children with cerebral palsy.
Eighty mothers and children participated. Mothers completed the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the following measures of family functioning: family support, family cohesion and adaptability, coping strategies, family needs and locus of control. Children were assessed using the Griffiths Scales and the Gross Motor Function measure. The child's home environment was assessed using Home Observation for Measuring the Environment.
Mothers had higher mean total PSI scores than the means for the typical sample; 43% had total PSI scores above the threshold for clinical assessment. Cluster analysis demonstrated five distinct clusters of families, more than half of whom were coping well. High stress items were role restriction, isolation and poor spouse support, and having a child who was perceived as less adaptable and more demanding. Lower stress items indicated that this sample of mothers found their children emotionally reinforcing and had close emotional bonds. Regression analysis showed that the factors most strongly related to parenting stress levels were high family needs, low family adaptability and cognitive impairment in the child.
The results confirmed the individuality of families, and that individual characteristics of coping and feeling in control, together with family support and cohesion, are associated with variation in amount of stress experienced in parenting a child with cerebral palsy.
探讨预测脑瘫学龄前儿童母亲育儿压力的因素。
80对母婴参与研究。母亲们完成了育儿压力指数（PSI）以及以下家庭功能测量指标：家庭支持、家庭凝聚力和适应性、应对策略、家庭需求以及控制点。使用格里菲斯量表和粗大运动功能测量对儿童进行评估。使用家庭环境观察量表评估儿童的家庭环境。
母亲的平均PSI总分高于典型样本的均值；43%的母亲PSI总分高于临床评估阈值。聚类分析显示出五个不同的家庭类别，其中半数以上家庭应对良好。高压力因素包括角色受限、孤立以及配偶支持不足，还有一个被认为适应性较差且需求较多的孩子。低压力因素表明，该样本中的母亲们发现孩子能给予情感上的强化，且她们与孩子有着紧密的情感纽带。回归分析表明，与育儿压力水平最密切相关的因素是高家庭需求、低家庭适应性以及孩子的认知障碍。
研究结果证实了家庭的个体差异，并且应对能力和掌控感等个体特征，以及家庭支持和凝聚力，与养育脑瘫患儿时所经历的压力程度差异相关。
