Wolgemuth Debra J
Departments of Genetics and Development and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Institute of Human Nutrition, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Cell Cycle. 2008 Nov 15;7(22):3509-13. doi: 10.4161/cc.7.22.6978. Epub 2008 Nov 12.
The specialized cell cycles that characterize various aspects of the differentiation of germ cells provide a unique opportunity to understand heretofore elusive aspects of the in vivo function of cell cycle regulators. Key components of the cell cycle machinery are the regulatory sub-units, the cyclins, and their catalytic partners, the cyclin-dependent kinases. Some of the cyclins exhibit unique patterns of expression in germ cells that suggest possible concomitant distinct functions, predictions that are being explored by targeted mutagenesis in mouse models. A novel, meiosis-specific function has been shown for one of the A-type cyclins, cyclin A1. Embryonic lethality has obviated understanding of the germline functions of cyclin A2 and cyclin B1, while yet other cyclins, although expressed at specific stages of germ cell development, may have less essential function in the male germline.
专门的细胞周期表征了生殖细胞分化的各个方面，为理解细胞周期调节因子体内功能中迄今难以捉摸的方面提供了独特的机会。细胞周期机制的关键组成部分是调节亚基、细胞周期蛋白及其催化伙伴——细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶。一些细胞周期蛋白在生殖细胞中呈现出独特的表达模式，这表明可能伴随着不同的功能，这些预测正在通过小鼠模型中的靶向诱变进行探索。已证明一种A 型细胞周期蛋白——细胞周期蛋白A1具有一种新的、减数分裂特异性功能。胚胎致死性妨碍了对细胞周期蛋白A2和细胞周期蛋白B1生殖系功能的理解，而其他一些细胞周期蛋白虽然在生殖细胞发育的特定阶段表达，但在雄性生殖系中可能具有不太重要的功能。
