Samarajeewa U, Sen A C, Fernando S Y, Ahmed E M, Wei C I
Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0163.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1991 Jan;29(1):41-7. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90061-b.
More than 75% degradation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was achieved after treatment of AFB1-spiked corn meal, spiked copra meal (the residue of the kiln-dried coconut kernels after mechanical expulsion of oil) and peanuts artificially infected with Aspergillus parasiticus, with 11, 16 and 35 mg chlorine gas per g meal or peanuts, respectively. At these chlorine gas treatment levels, extension of the exposure period of the corn meal and copra meal beyond 2.5 hr, and the peanuts beyond 1 day, did not increase the percentage degradation of AFB1. The mutagenicity of chlorine-treated copra meal and peanuts spiked with AFB1 was greatly reduced compared with untreated controls, as determined in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 in the presence of rat liver S-9 mix; the reduction in mutagenicity was found to be highly correlated with the reduction in AFB1 levels. Reactions of chlorine with AFB1 or constituents of the meals or peanuts did not appear to generate new mutagenic compounds. The moisture content of the meals and peanuts appeared to be an important factor affecting the degradation of AFB1 by chlorine gas.
在用每克玉米粉、椰干粕（机械榨油后窑干椰仁的残渣）或花生分别添加11毫克、16毫克和35毫克氯气处理黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）污染的玉米粉、椰干粕以及人工感染寄生曲霉的花生后，AFB1的降解率超过了75%。在这些氯气处理水平下，将玉米粉和椰干粕的暴露时间延长至超过2.5小时，花生的暴露时间延长至超过1天，并不会提高AFB1的降解率。在用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA98菌株并在存在大鼠肝脏S-9混合物的情况下测定时，与未处理的对照相比，用氯气处理过的添加了AFB1的椰干粕和花生的致突变性大大降低；发现致突变性的降低与AFB1水平的降低高度相关。氯气与AFB1或饲料或花生成分的反应似乎不会产生新的致突变化合物。饲料和花生的水分含量似乎是影响氯气对AFB1降解的一个重要因素。
