Wilson T, Meyers S L, Singh A P, Limburg P J, Vorsa N
Department of Biology, Winona State University, Winona, MN 55987, USA.
J Food Sci. 2008 Nov;73(9):H241-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00964.x.
Fruit and vegetable intake is typically low for type 2 diabetics, possibly due to a perceived adverse effect on glycemic control. Cranberry juice (CBJ) may represent an attractive means for increasing fruit intake and simultaneously affording positive health benefits. This single cross-over design compared metabolic responses of type 2 diabetics (n= 12) to unsweetened low-calorie CBJ (LCCBJ; 19 Cal/240 mL), carbohydrate sweetened normal calorie CBJ (NCCBJ; 120 Cal/240 mL), isocaloric low-calorie sugar water control (LCC), and isocaloric normal calorie sugar water control (NCC) interventions. CBJ flavonols and anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins were quantified with HPLC, LC-MS, and MALDI-TOF that includes an original characterization of several large oligomeric proanthocyanidins. Blood glucose peaked 30 min postingestion after NCCBJ and NCC at 13.3 +/- 0.5 and 12.8 +/- 0.9 (mmol/L), and these responses were significantly greater than the LCCBJ and LCC peaks of 8.1 +/- 0.5 and 8.7 +/- 0.5, respectively. Differences in glycemic response remained significant 60 min, but not 120 min postingestion. Plasma insulin values 60 min postingestion for NCCBJ and NCC interventions were 140 +/- 19 and 151 +/- 18 (pmol/L), respectively, and significantly greater than the LCCBJ and LCC values of 56 +/- 10 and 54 +/- 10; differences were not significant 120 min postingestion. Metabolic responses within the 2 high and 2 low-calorie beverages were virtually identical; however, exposure to potentially beneficial nutrients was greater with CBJ. Relative to conventionally sweetened preparation, LCCBJ provides a favorable metabolic response and should be useful for promoting increased fruit consumption among type 2 diabetics or others wishing to limit carbohydrate intake.
2型糖尿病患者的果蔬摄入量通常较低，这可能是因为他们认为这会对血糖控制产生不利影响。蔓越莓汁（CBJ）可能是一种增加水果摄入量并同时带来积极健康益处的诱人方式。本单交叉设计比较了2型糖尿病患者（n = 12）对无糖低热量CBJ（LCCBJ；19千卡/240毫升）、碳水化合物加糖的正常热量CBJ（NCCBJ；120千卡/240毫升）、等热量低热量糖水对照（LCC）和等热量正常热量糖水对照（NCC）干预的代谢反应。使用HPLC、LC-MS和MALDI-TOF对CBJ中的黄酮醇、花青素和原花青素进行了定量分析，其中包括对几种大型低聚原花青素的原始表征。摄入NCCBJ和NCC后30分钟，血糖分别在13.3±0.5和12.8±0.9（毫摩尔/升）时达到峰值，这些反应明显大于LCCBJ和LCC的峰值，分别为8.1±0.5和8.7±0.5。摄入后60分钟血糖反应差异仍然显著，但120分钟后不显著。摄入后60分钟，NCCBJ和NCC干预的血浆胰岛素值分别为140±19和151±18（皮摩尔/升），明显高于LCCBJ和LCC的值，分别为56±10和54±10；摄入后120分钟差异不显著。两种高热量和两种低热量饮料的代谢反应几乎相同；然而，CBJ对潜在有益营养素的接触更多。相对于传统加糖制剂，LCCBJ提供了良好的代谢反应，应该有助于促进2型糖尿病患者或其他希望限制碳水化合物摄入的人群增加水果消费。
