Kong Fang, Wang Haiyan, Cao Aizhong, Qin Bi, Ji Jianhui, Wang Suling, Wang Xiu-E
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2008 Nov;35(11):673-8. doi: 10.1016/S1673-8527(08)60089-2.
In order to transfer useful genes of Hordeum californicum into common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the T. aestivum c.v. Chinese Spring (CS)-H. californicum amphiploid was crossed to CS, and its backcrossing and self-fertilized progenies were analyzed by morphological observation, cytological, biochemical and molecular marker techniques. Alien addition lines with two H. californicum chromosomes were identified and their genetic constitution was characterized. STS-PCR analysis using chromosome 2B specific markers indicated that chromosome H3 of H. californicum belongs to homologous group 2, and was thus designated 2H. SDS-PAGE showed that chromosome H2 of H. californicum belongs to homologous group 5, and was designated 5H. The CS-H. californicum amphiploid and the chromosome addition lines (DA2H and MA5H) identified were evaluated for powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. triticii) resistance in field. The preliminary results indicated that the amphiploid showed higher powdery mildew resistance than CS. However, chromosome addition lines DA2H and MA5H were highly susceptible to powdery mildew, indicating that major powdery mildew resistant genes of H. californicum should be located on chromosomes other than 2H and 5H.
为了将加州大麦的有用基因导入普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.），将普通小麦品种中国春（CS）-加州大麦双二倍体与中国春杂交，并通过形态观察、细胞学、生化和分子标记技术对其回交和自交后代进行分析。鉴定出带有两条加州大麦染色体的异附加系，并对其遗传组成进行了表征。使用2B染色体特异性标记进行的STS-PCR分析表明，加州大麦的H3染色体属于同源群2，因此被命名为2H。SDS-PAGE显示，加州大麦的H2染色体属于同源群5，被命名为5H。对鉴定出的中国春-加州大麦双二倍体和染色体附加系（DA2H和MA5H）进行了田间白粉病（Erysiphe graminis f. sp. triticii）抗性评估。初步结果表明，双二倍体表现出比中国春更高的白粉病抗性。然而，染色体附加系DA2H和MA5H对白粉病高度敏感，这表明加州大麦的主要白粉病抗性基因应位于2H和5H以外的染色体上。
