Fang Yuhui, Yuan Jingya, Wang Zhangjun, Wang Haiyan, Xiao Jin, Yang Zhixi, Zhang Ruiqi, Qi Zengjun, Xu Weigang, Hu Lin, Wang Xiu-E
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Wheat Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2014 Aug 20;41(8):439-47. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
Hordeum californicum (2n = 2x = 14, HH) is resistant to several wheat diseases and tolerant to lower nitrogen. In this study, a molecular karyotype of H. californicum chromosomes in the Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring (CS)-H. californicum amphidiploid (2n = 6x = 56, AABBDDHH) was established. By genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using repetitive DNA clones (pTa71, pTa794 and pSc119.2) as probes, the H. californicum chromosomes could be differentiated from each other and from the wheat chromosomes unequivocally. Based on molecular karyotype and marker analyses, 12 wheat-alien chromosome lines, including four disomic addition lines (DAH1, DAH3, DAH5 and DAH6), five telosomic addition lines (MtH7L, MtH1S, MtH1L, DtH6S and DtH6L), one multiple addition line involving H. californicum chromosome H2, one disomic substitution line (DSH4) and one translocation line (TH7S/1BL), were identified from the progenies derived from the crosses of CS-H. californicum amphidiploid with common wheat varieties. A total of 482 EST (expressed sequence tag) or SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers specific for individual H. californicum chromosomes were identified, and 47, 50, 45, 49, 21, 51 and 40 markers were assigned to chromosomes H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6 and H7, respectively. According to the chromosome allocation of these markers, chromosomes H2, H3, H4, H5, and H7 of H. californicum have relationship with wheat homoeologous groups 5, 2, 6, 3, and 1, and hence could be designated as 5H(c), 2H(c), 6H(c), 3H(c) and 1H(c), respectively. The chromosomes H1 and H6 were designated as 7H(c) and 4H(c), respectively, by referring to SSR markers located on rye chromosomes.
加州大麦（2n = 2x = 14，HH）对多种小麦病害具有抗性，且耐低氮。在本研究中，构建了普通小麦中国春（CS）-加州大麦双二倍体（2n = 6x = 56，AABBDDHH）中加州大麦染色体的分子核型。通过以重复DNA克隆（pTa71、pTa794和pSc119.2）为探针的基因组原位杂交（GISH）和多色荧光原位杂交（FISH），能够明确区分加州大麦染色体与小麦染色体。基于分子核型和标记分析，从CS-加州大麦双二倍体与普通小麦品种杂交后代中鉴定出12个小麦-外源染色体系，包括4个二体附加系（DAH1、DAH3、DAH5和DAH6）、5个端体附加系（MtH7L、MtH1S、MtH1L、DtH6S和DtH6L）、1个涉及加州大麦H2染色体的多体附加系、1个二体代换系（DSH4）和1个易位系（TH7S/1BL）。共鉴定出482个特异于加州大麦单个染色体的EST（表达序列标签）或SSR（简单序列重复）标记，分别有47、50、45、49、21、51和40个标记被定位到H1、H2、H3、H4、H5、H6和H7染色体上。根据这些标记的染色体定位，加州大麦的H2、H3、H4、H5和H7染色体与小麦部分同源群5、2、6、3和1存在关系，因此可分别命名为5H(c)、2H(c)、6H(c)、3H(c)和1H(c)。通过参考位于黑麦染色体上的SSR标记，H1和H6染色体分别被命名为7H(c)和4H(c)。
