Stice Eric, Davis Kendra, Miller Nicole P, Marti C Nathan
Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2008 Nov;117(4):941-6. doi: 10.1037/a0013644.
Although adolescent girls with elevated dietary restraint scores are at increased risk for future binge eating and bulimic pathology, they do not eat less than those with lower restraint scores. The fact that only a small proportion of individuals with elevated dietary restraint scores develop bulimic pathology suggests that some extreme but rare form of dietary restriction may increase risk for this disturbance. The authors tested the hypothesis that fasting (going without eating for 24 hr for weight control) would be a more potent predictor of binge eating and bulimic pathology onset than dietary restraint scores using data from 496 adolescent girls followed over 5 years. Results confirmed that only 23% of participants with elevated dietary restraint scores reported fasting. Furthermore, fasting generally showed stronger and more consistent predictive relations to future onset of recurrent binge eating and threshold/subthreshold bulimia nervosa over 1- to 5-year follow-up relative to dietary restraint, though the former effects were only significantly stronger than the latter for some comparisons. Results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that fasting is a stronger risk factor for bulimic pathology than is self-reported dieting.
尽管饮食抑制得分较高的青春期女孩未来发生暴饮暴食和贪食症病理的风险增加，但她们的进食量并不比抑制得分较低的女孩少。饮食抑制得分较高的个体中只有一小部分会出现贪食症病理，这一事实表明，某种极端但罕见的饮食限制形式可能会增加这种紊乱的风险。作者使用对496名青春期女孩进行5年跟踪的数据，检验了这样一个假设：与饮食抑制得分相比，禁食（为控制体重连续24小时不进食）是暴饮暴食和贪食症病理发作的更强有力预测因素。结果证实，饮食抑制得分较高的参与者中只有23%报告有禁食行为。此外，在1至5年的随访中，相对于饮食抑制，禁食通常与复发性暴饮暴食和阈限/阈下神经性贪食症的未来发作表现出更强、更一致的预测关系，尽管在某些比较中，前者的影响仅显著强于后者。研究结果为禁食比自我报告的节食行为是贪食症病理更强的风险因素这一假设提供了初步支持。
