Lussana Federico, Painter Rebecca C, Ocke Marga C, Buller Harry R, Bossuyt Patrick M, Roseboom Tessa J
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1648-52. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26140.
Evidence from animal models suggests that fetal undernutrition can predispose to hypercholesterolemia and metabolic disorders directly by programming cholesterol metabolism and may indirectly influence lifestyle choices. We have shown that persons who were exposed to the Dutch famine in early gestation have a more atherogenic lipid profile.
We now investigate whether the excess in hypercholesterolemia may be a result of a more atherogenic diet or a reduction in physical activity.
We measured lipid profiles, dietary intake, and physical activity in 730 men and women (aged 58 y) born in the Wilhelmina Gasthuis in Amsterdam, Netherlands, around the time of the Dutch famine, whose birth records have been kept.
No differences were observed in mean intake of total energy or percentage of protein, carbohydrate, and fat in the diet between the different exposure groups. However, persons exposed to famine in early gestation were twice as likely (odds ratio: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.9) to consume a high-fat diet (defined as the highest quartile of percentage of fat in the diet: >39% of energy from fat). They also tended to be less physically active (45% did sports compared with 52% in the unexposed group), although this did not reach statistical significance.
This is the first direct evidence in humans that prenatal nutrition may affect dietary preferences and may contribute to more atherogenic lipid profiles in later life.
动物模型的证据表明，胎儿期营养不足可通过对胆固醇代谢进行编程直接导致高胆固醇血症和代谢紊乱，并可能间接影响生活方式的选择。我们已经表明，在妊娠早期暴露于荷兰饥荒的人群具有更易致动脉粥样硬化的血脂谱。
我们现在调查高胆固醇血症的增加是否可能是由于更易致动脉粥样硬化的饮食或体力活动减少所致。
我们测量了730名出生于荷兰阿姆斯特丹威廉明娜加斯huis医院、出生记录保存完整、出生时间在荷兰饥荒时期左右的58岁男性和女性的血脂谱、饮食摄入量和体力活动情况。
不同暴露组之间在饮食中总能量的平均摄入量或蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪的百分比方面未观察到差异。然而，在妊娠早期暴露于饥荒的人食用高脂肪饮食（定义为饮食中脂肪百分比的最高四分位数：>39%的能量来自脂肪）的可能性是未暴露组的两倍（优势比：2.1；95%可信区间：1.2，3.9）。他们的体力活动也往往较少（45%的人进行体育活动，而未暴露组为52%），尽管这未达到统计学显著性。
这是人类中首个直接证据，表明产前营养可能影响饮食偏好，并可能导致后期生活中更易致动脉粥样硬化的血脂谱。
