Liao Qiuyan, Lam Wendy Wing Tak, Jiang Chao Qiang, Ho Ella Yuk Yi, Liu Yi Min, Zhang Wei Sen, Richard Fielding
Health Behaviour Research Group, Department of Community Medicine and Unit for Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong.
Risk Anal. 2009 Mar;29(3):416-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01157.x. Epub 2008 Dec 8.
Human H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infection is associated with intimate exposure to live poultry. Perceptions of risk can modify behaviors, influencing actual exposure. However, greater hazard is not necessarily followed by perception of greater risk and more precautionary behavior because self-serving cognitive biases modulate precautionary and hazardous behaviors. We examined risk perception associated with avian influenza. A total of 1,550 face-to-face within-household interviews and 1,760 telephone interviews were derived to study avian influenza risk perception and live poultry use in Guangzhou and Hong Kong, respectively. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests assessed bivariate associations and risk distributions, respectively, and fully adjusted multivariate logistic models determined independent risk associations. Relative to Hong Kong, perceived "generalized" risk from buying live poultry (GZ, 58%, 95% confidence interval 55-60% vs. HK, 41%, 39-43%; chi(2)= 86.95, df = 1, p < 0.001) and perceived self/family risk from buying (z =-2.092, p = 0.036) were higher in Guangzhou. Higher perceived "generalized" risk was associated with not buying live poultry (OR = 0.65, 0.49-0.85), consistent with the pattern seen in Hong Kong, while perceived higher self/family risk was associated with buying ("likely/very likely/certain" OR = 1.74, 1.18-2.59); no such association was seen in Hong Kong. Multivariate adjustment indicated older age was associated with buying live poultry in Guangzhou (OR = 2.91, 1.36-6.25). Guangzhou respondents perceived greater risk relative to Hong Kong. Buying live poultry was associated with perceptions of less "generalized" risk but more self/family risk. Higher generalized risk was associated with fewer live poultry purchases, suggesting generalized risk may be a useful indicator of precautionary HPAI risk behavior.
人类感染H5N1高致病性禽流感（HPAI）与密切接触活禽有关。风险认知可以改变行为，影响实际接触情况。然而，更大的危害并不一定会导致更高的风险认知和更多的预防行为，因为自利性认知偏差会调节预防和危险行为。我们研究了与禽流感相关的风险认知。分别在广州和香港进行了总共1550次家庭内面对面访谈和1760次电话访谈，以研究禽流感风险认知和活禽使用情况。卡方检验和曼-惠特尼检验分别评估了双变量关联和风险分布，完全调整的多变量逻辑模型确定了独立的风险关联。相对于香港，广州购买活禽的“普遍”风险认知更高（广州，58%，95%置信区间55 - 60%；香港，41%，39 - 43%；χ² = 86.95，自由度 = 1，p < 0.001），且广州购买活禽的自我/家庭风险认知更高（z = -2.092，p = 0.036）。更高的“普遍”风险认知与不购买活禽相关（比值比 = 0.65，0.49 - 0.85），这与香港的情况一致，而更高的自我/家庭风险认知与购买活禽相关（“可能/非常可能/肯定”比值比 = 1.74，1.18 - 2.59）；香港未发现此类关联。多变量调整表明，在广州，年龄较大与购买活禽相关（比值比 = 2.91，1.36 - 6.25）。相对于香港，广州的受访者感知到的风险更大。购买活禽与较低的“普遍”风险认知但较高的自我/家庭风险认知相关。更高的普遍风险与更少的活禽购买相关，这表明普遍风险可能是预防HPAI风险行为的一个有用指标。
