Al-Daraji Wael, Husain Ehab, Zelger Bettena G, Zelger Bernhard
School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Division of Pathology, Queen's Medical Centre Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009;2(2):119-31. Epub 2008 Jun 10.
Soft tissue tumors include neoplasms of specific and unknown lineages, and, therefore, lineage markers of smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, endothelial, epithelial and Schwann cells have proven useful in everyday practice. However, groups of tumors remain that are defined essentially on grounds of histology; others can be defined by molecular genetic studies. The complex distribution patterns of many antigens and loss of some differentiation antigens in malignant tumors often necessitate the use of panels of antibodies. Optimally such panels should address all significant differential diagnostic alternatives. There is little doubt that numerous new differentiation markers will appear in the future. The evaluation of tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle control will give new information related to tumor biology and prognosis.
软组织肿瘤包括特定谱系和来源不明的肿瘤，因此，平滑肌、骨骼肌、内皮、上皮和施万细胞的谱系标志物在日常实践中已被证明是有用的。然而，仍有一些肿瘤组主要是根据组织学来定义的；其他一些肿瘤组则可通过分子遗传学研究来定义。许多抗原的复杂分布模式以及恶性肿瘤中一些分化抗原的丧失常常需要使用抗体组合。理想情况下，这样的抗体组合应涵盖所有重要的鉴别诊断选项。毫无疑问，未来将会出现大量新的分化标志物。对肿瘤增殖、凋亡和细胞周期调控的评估将为肿瘤生物学和预后提供新的信息。
