Lin Shao, Liu Xiu, Le Linh H, Hwang Syni-An
Center for Environmental Health, New York State Department of Health, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Dec;116(12):1725-30. doi: 10.1289/ehp.11184. Epub 2008 Sep 10.
The association between chronic exposure to air pollution and adverse health outcomes has not been well studied.
This project investigated the impact of chronic exposure to high ozone levels on childhood asthma admissions in New York State.
We followed a birth cohort born in New York State during 1995-1999 to first asthma admission or until 31 December 2000. We identified births and asthma admissions through the New York State Integrated Child Health Information System and linked these data with ambient ozone data (8-hr maximum) from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. We defined chronic ozone exposure using three indicators: mean concentration during the follow-up period, mean concentration during the ozone season, and proportion of follow-up days with ozone levels > 70 ppb. We performed logistic regression analysis to adjust for child's age, sex, birth weight, and gestational age; maternal race/ethnicity, age, education, insurance status, smoking during pregnancy, and poverty level; and geographic region, temperature, and co-pollutants.
Asthma admissions were significantly associated with increased ozone levels for all chronic exposure indicators (odds ratios, 1.16-1.68), with a positive dose-response relationship. We found stronger associations among younger children, low sociodemographic groups, and New York City residents as effect modifiers.
Chronic exposure to ambient ozone may increase the risk of asthma admissions among children. Younger children and those in low socioeconomic groups have a greater risk of asthma than do other children at the same ozone level.
长期暴露于空气污染与不良健康后果之间的关联尚未得到充分研究。
本项目调查了长期暴露于高臭氧水平对纽约州儿童哮喘住院率的影响。
我们追踪了1995年至1999年在纽约州出生的一个出生队列，直至首次哮喘住院或到2000年12月31日。我们通过纽约州综合儿童健康信息系统确定出生和哮喘住院情况，并将这些数据与纽约州环境保护部的环境臭氧数据（8小时最大值）相联系。我们使用三个指标定义长期臭氧暴露：随访期间的平均浓度、臭氧季节的平均浓度以及臭氧水平>70 ppb的随访天数比例。我们进行逻辑回归分析，以调整儿童的年龄、性别、出生体重和胎龄；母亲的种族/族裔、年龄、教育程度、保险状况、孕期吸烟情况和贫困水平；以及地理区域、温度和共污染物。
对于所有长期暴露指标，哮喘住院与臭氧水平升高均显著相关（比值比为1.16 - 1.68），呈正剂量反应关系。我们发现年龄较小的儿童、社会人口统计学地位较低的群体以及纽约市居民作为效应修饰因素之间的关联更强。
长期暴露于环境臭氧可能会增加儿童哮喘住院的风险。在相同臭氧水平下，年龄较小的儿童和社会经济地位较低的儿童患哮喘的风险比其他儿童更高。
