Krumschnabel Gerhard, Podrabsky Jason E
Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Apoptosis. 2009 Jan;14(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/s10495-008-0281-y. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
Apoptosis is a process of pivotal importance for multi-cellular organisms and due to its implication in the development of cancer and degenerative disease it is intensively studied in humans and mammalian model systems. Invertebrate models of apoptosis have been well-studied, especially in C. elegans and D. melanogaster, but as these are evolutionarily distant from mammals the relevance of findings for human research is sometimes limited. Presently, a non-mammalian vertebrate model for studying apoptosis is missing. However, in the past few years an increasing number of studies on cell death in fish have been published and thus new model systems may emerge. This review aims at highlighting the most important of these findings, showing similarities and dissimilarities between fish and mammals, and will suggest topics for future research. In addition, the outstanding usefulness of fish as research models will be pointed out, hoping to spark future research on this exciting, often underrated group of vertebrates.
细胞凋亡是多细胞生物至关重要的一个过程，由于其与癌症和退行性疾病的发生发展相关，因此在人类和哺乳动物模型系统中得到了深入研究。无脊椎动物的细胞凋亡模型已得到充分研究，尤其是秀丽隐杆线虫和黑腹果蝇，但由于它们在进化上与哺乳动物距离较远，其研究结果对人类研究的相关性有时有限。目前，尚缺乏用于研究细胞凋亡的非哺乳动物脊椎动物模型。然而，在过去几年中，关于鱼类细胞死亡的研究越来越多，新的模型系统可能会出现。这篇综述旨在突出这些最重要的研究结果，展示鱼类和哺乳动物之间的异同，并提出未来研究的主题。此外，还将指出鱼类作为研究模型的突出实用性，希望能激发对这一令人兴奋但常被低估的脊椎动物群体的未来研究。
