Schulz Kurt P, Clerkin Suzanne M, Halperin Jeffrey M, Newcorn Jeffrey H, Tang Cheuk Y, Fan Jin
Department of Psychiatry, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Sep;30(9):2821-33. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20706.
Socially appropriate behavior requires the concurrent inhibition of actions that are inappropriate in the context. This self-regulatory function requires an interaction of inhibitory and emotional processes that recruits brain regions beyond those engaged by either processes alone. In this study, we isolated brain activity associated with response inhibition and emotional processing in 24 healthy adults using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a go/no-go task that independently manipulated the context preceding no-go trials (ie, number of go trials) and the valence (ie, happy, sad, and neutral) of the face stimuli used as trial cues. Parallel quadratic trends were seen in correct inhibitions on no-go trials preceded by increasing numbers of go trials and associated activation for correct no-go trials in inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis, pars triangularis, and pars orbitalis, temporoparietal junction, superior parietal lobule, and temporal sensory association cortices. Conversely, the comparison of happy versus neutral faces and sad versus neutral faces revealed valence-dependent activation in the amygdala, anterior insula cortex, and posterior midcingulate cortex. Further, an interaction between inhibition and emotion was seen in valence-dependent variations in the quadratic trend in no-go activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left posterior insula cortex. These results suggest that the inhibition of response to emotional cues involves the interaction of partly dissociable limbic and frontoparietal networks that encode emotional cues and use these cues to exert inhibitory control over the motor, attention, and sensory functions needed to perform the task, respectively.
社会适宜行为需要同时抑制在特定情境中不适当的行为。这种自我调节功能需要抑制性和情感过程的相互作用，这会调动除单独参与这两种过程的脑区之外的其他脑区。在本研究中，我们使用事件相关功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和一种“执行/不执行”任务，对24名健康成年人中与反应抑制和情感加工相关的脑活动进行了分离，该任务独立操纵了不执行试验之前的情境（即执行试验的次数）以及用作试验线索的面部刺激的效价（即快乐、悲伤和中性）。在不执行试验之前执行试验次数增加时，不执行试验的正确抑制以及额下回岛盖部、三角部和眶部、颞顶交界区、顶上小叶和颞叶感觉联合皮层中正确不执行试验的相关激活呈现平行二次趋势。相反，快乐面孔与中性面孔以及悲伤面孔与中性面孔的比较显示，杏仁核、前岛叶皮层和后扣带回中部皮层存在效价依赖性激活。此外，在右下额叶回和左后岛叶皮层的不执行激活的二次趋势的效价依赖性变化中，观察到了抑制与情感之间的相互作用。这些结果表明，对情感线索的反应抑制涉及部分可分离的边缘系统和额顶网络的相互作用，这些网络分别编码情感线索，并利用这些线索对执行任务所需的运动、注意力和感觉功能施加抑制控制。
