Flynn Dan F B, Gogol-Prokurat Melanie, Nogeire Theresa, Molinari Nicole, Richers Bárbara Trautman, Lin Brenda B, Simpson Nicholas, Mayfield Margaret M, DeClerck Fabrice
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2009 Jan;12(1):22-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01255.x.
Land use intensification can greatly reduce species richness and ecosystem functioning. However, species richness determines ecosystem functioning through the diversity and values of traits of species present. Here, we analyze changes in species richness and functional diversity (FD) at varying agricultural land use intensity levels. We test hypotheses of FD responses to land use intensification in plant, bird, and mammal communities using trait data compiled for 1600+ species. To isolate changes in FD from changes in species richness we compare the FD of communities to the null expectations of FD values. In over one-quarter of the bird and mammal communities impacted by agriculture, declines in FD were steeper than predicted by species number. In plant communities, changes in FD were indistinguishable from changes in species richness. Land use intensification can reduce the functional diversity of animal communities beyond changes in species richness alone, potentially imperiling provisioning of ecosystem services.
土地利用集约化会极大地降低物种丰富度和生态系统功能。然而，物种丰富度通过现存物种的性状多样性和价值来决定生态系统功能。在此，我们分析了不同农业土地利用强度水平下物种丰富度和功能多样性（FD）的变化。我们使用为1600多种物种汇编的性状数据，检验植物、鸟类和哺乳动物群落中功能多样性对土地利用集约化的响应假说。为了将功能多样性的变化与物种丰富度的变化区分开来，我们将群落的功能多样性与功能多样性值的零期望值进行比较。在超过四分之一受农业影响的鸟类和哺乳动物群落中，功能多样性的下降比物种数量预测的更为严重。在植物群落中，功能多样性的变化与物种丰富度的变化没有区别。土地利用集约化可能会在仅物种丰富度变化之外，进一步降低动物群落的功能多样性，从而可能危及生态系统服务的提供。
