Lakdawalla Darius N, Goldman Dana P, Michaud Pierre-Carl, Sood Neeraj, Lempert Robert, Cong Ze, de Vries Han, Gutierrez Italo
Bing Center for Health Economics, RAND in Santa Monica, California, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2009 Jan-Feb;28(1):w138-50. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.28.1.w138. Epub 2008 Dec 16.
U.S. consumers generate more pharmaceutical revenue per person than Europeans do. This has led some U.S. policymakers to call for limits on U.S. pharmaceutical spending and prices. Using a microsimulation approach, we analyze the welfare impacts of lowering U.S. prices toward European levels, and how these impacts vary with key modeling assumptions. Under the assumptions most favorable to them, price controls generate modest benefits (a few thousand dollars per person). However, for the remainder of plausible assumptions, price controls generate costs that are an order of magnitude higher. In contrast, publicly financing reductions in consumer prices, without affecting manufacturer prices, delivers benefits in virtually all plausible cases.
美国消费者人均创造的药品收入高于欧洲人。这使得一些美国政策制定者呼吁限制美国的药品支出和价格。我们采用微观模拟方法，分析了将美国药品价格降至欧洲水平所产生的福利影响，以及这些影响如何随关键建模假设而变化。在对他们最有利的假设下，价格管制带来的好处不大（每人几千美元）。然而，在其余合理的假设下，价格管制产生的成本要高出一个数量级。相比之下，在不影响制造商价格的情况下，由公共资金为降低消费者价格提供支持，在几乎所有合理情况下都能带来好处。
