Alcohol Res Health. 2004;28(3):163-74.
Designing effective interventions for adolescents with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) presents several challenges, not the least of which is the accurate diagnosis of these disorders. Diagnostic criteria for AUDs have been derived largely from clinical and research experience with adults. When these criteria were tested among adolescents, numerous developmental differences were found that may affect the applicability of AUD criteria to this age group. Despite the absence of clear diagnostic criteria for use with adolescents, research has identified interventions that show promise for use with youth. This article examines both environmental- and individual-level approaches to underage drinking prevention, including school- and family-based programs, and macroenvironmental and multicomponent comprehensive interventions. Finally, it describes brief and complex treatment interventions.
为患有酒精使用障碍（AUDs）的青少年设计有效的干预措施面临着诸多挑战，其中最主要的挑战之一是对这些障碍的准确诊断。AUDs的诊断标准很大程度上源自对成年人的临床和研究经验。当在青少年中测试这些标准时，发现了许多可能影响AUD标准适用于该年龄组的发育差异。尽管缺乏适用于青少年的明确诊断标准，但研究已经确定了一些有望用于青少年的干预措施。本文探讨了预防未成年人饮酒的环境层面和个人层面的方法，包括基于学校和家庭的项目，以及宏观环境和多成分综合干预措施。最后，它描述了简短和复杂的治疗干预措施。
