Northoff H, Berg A
Dept. of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Germany.
Int J Sports Med. 1991 Jun;12 Suppl 1:S9-15. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1024743.
Both the unspecific and the specific branch of the immune system are triggered and governed by contact and by a set of cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These mediators, which are produced by activated macrophages and other cells, have also multiple (pleiotropic) effects on different cells and organs. While TNF and IL-1 have strongly proinflammatory effects and seem to play a critical role in clinical situations such as septic shock, IL-6 has more restorative effects by being the main inducer of the acute phase response of the liver. The monokines also induce fever and release of ACTH in the brain. Strenuous exercise leads to a significant elevation of cytokines in the serum thereby eliciting an acute phase response. Analysis of systemic cytokines in the serum of marathon runners by the 7TD1 cell line assay revealed that the observed activity is very likely IL-6.
免疫系统的非特异性和特异性分支均由接触以及包括白细胞介素 -1（IL -1）、白细胞介素 -6（IL -6）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）在内的一组细胞因子触发和调控。这些由活化的巨噬细胞和其他细胞产生的介质，对不同的细胞和器官也具有多种（多效性）作用。虽然TNF和IL -1具有强烈的促炎作用，并且似乎在诸如脓毒症休克等临床情况中起关键作用，但IL -6作为肝脏急性期反应的主要诱导剂，具有更多的恢复性作用。这些单核因子还会引起发热并促使大脑释放促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）。剧烈运动会导致血清中细胞因子显著升高，从而引发急性期反应。通过7TD1细胞系测定法对马拉松运动员血清中的全身细胞因子进行分析发现，观察到的活性很可能是IL -6。
