Daei G, Ardekani M R, Rejali F, Teimuri S, Miransari M
College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
J Plant Physiol. 2009 Apr 1;166(6):617-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.09.013. Epub 2008 Dec 18.
We conducted this study because of the importance of salinity in many parts of the world, and because almost all research regarding the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) on plant growth under salinity have been conducted under greenhouse conditions. The hypothesis was that, with respect to the great abilities of AM fungi under stress, they are able to alleviate salinity stress under field conditions. Hence, the objectives were to evaluate the effects of different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on: (1) the yield and yield components of different wheat cultivars, and (2) nutrient uptake of different wheat genotypes under field saline conditions. The soil salinity of 7.41dS/m and three AM species including Glomus etunicatum, G. mosseae and G. intraradices and wheat genotypes of Roshan, Kavir and a mutated line of Tabasi were tested. The electrical conductivity of the irrigation water was 13.87dS/m. Under salinity, AM species significantly increased the growth and nutrient uptake of the mutated Tabasi line compared with the other genotypes, especially in comparison to the Kavir genotype. The mycorrhizal Tabasi genotype resulted in the lowest concentrations of Na(+) and Cl(-). The influence of different species of AM on enhancing plant growth under salinity was observed in the following order: Glomus etunicatum>G. mosseae>G. intraradices. The symbiosis of Glomus etunicatum and G. intraradices with the Tabasi mutated line resulted in the highest (42.08%) and the lowest (7.55%) increases in wheat dry weight, respectively. The highest (38.3%) and the lowest (4.5%) grain yield increases were related to the symbiosis of Tabasi mutated line with Glomus etunicatum and G. intraradices, respectively. Although different species of AM can be very beneficial to wheat plants under salinity stress, it is obvious from the results of this research that Glomus etunicatum can perform more efficiently under such conditions compared with other AM species. This indicates the great importance of selecting the right combination of AM species and host plant to make cultivation under salinity even more likely.
由于盐分在世界许多地区都很重要，而且几乎所有关于丛枝菌根（AM）对盐胁迫下植物生长影响的研究都是在温室条件下进行的，因此我们开展了这项研究。我们的假设是，鉴于AM真菌在胁迫下具有强大的能力，它们能够在田间条件下缓解盐胁迫。因此，本研究的目的是评估不同种类的丛枝菌根真菌对以下方面的影响：（1）不同小麦品种的产量及产量构成因素；（2）田间盐渍条件下不同小麦基因型的养分吸收情况。试验测定了土壤电导率为7.41dS/m时，三种AM真菌（包括珠状巨孢囊霉、摩西管柄囊霉和根内球囊霉）以及罗山、卡维尔和塔巴西突变系等小麦基因型的情况。灌溉水的电导率为13.87dS/m。在盐胁迫下，与其他基因型相比，AM真菌显著提高了塔巴西突变系的生长和养分吸收，尤其是与卡维尔基因型相比。菌根化的塔巴西基因型导致Na(+)和Cl(-)的浓度最低。观察到不同种类的AM对盐胁迫下植物生长促进作用的顺序为：珠状巨孢囊霉>摩西管柄囊霉>根内球囊霉。珠状巨孢囊霉和根内球囊霉与塔巴西突变系共生分别使小麦干重增加最多（42.08%）和最少（7.55%）。籽粒产量增加最多（38.3%）和最少（4.5%）分别与塔巴西突变系与珠状巨孢囊霉和根内球囊霉的共生有关。虽然不同种类的AM在盐胁迫下对小麦植株非常有益，但从本研究结果可以明显看出，与其他AM真菌相比，珠状巨孢囊霉在这种条件下表现得更高效。这表明选择合适的AM真菌种类和寄主植物组合对于在盐渍条件下进行栽培非常重要。
