Chen Shirley C, Judd Joseph T, Kramer Matthew, Meijer Gert W, Clevidence Beverly A, Baer David J
Food Components and Health Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA.
Lipids. 2009 Mar;44(3):273-81. doi: 10.1007/s11745-008-3278-y. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
We studied the interrelationship of diet and plant sterols (PS) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins and carotenoids. Mildly hypercholesterolemic men (n = 13) and postmenopausal women (n = 9) underwent four randomized, crossover, double-blind, controlled feeding periods of 23 days each. The design consisted of two levels of PS (0 and 3.3 g/day) and two background diets having fat content either typical of the American diet (total and saturated fat at 33.5 and 13.2% of energy, respectively), or a Step 1 type of diet (total and saturated fat at 26.4 and 7.7% of energy, respectively). Plasma total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Apo A1 and Apo B were 4.3, 5.3, 4.5, 2.8 and 2.5% lower, respectively (P <or= 0.0001; <0.0001, 0.0016, 0.0006, and 0.0069), with the Step 1 diet than with the typical American diet. Diet had no effect on TC/HDL cholesterol (P = 0.1062). Plant sterol intake lowered TC, LDL cholesterol, and Apo B by 9.0, 12.4 and 6.1% and TC/HDLC by 9.6% (P <or= 0.0001 for all), respectively, without affecting HDL cholesterol and Apo A1 (P = 0.2831 and 0.732). The PS effect in lowering plasma TC and LDL cholesterol was independent of and additive to the effect due to dietary fat reduction. Responses of plasma carotenoids to PS intake were consistent with the literature.
我们研究了饮食与植物甾醇（PS）对血浆脂质、脂蛋白和类胡萝卜素的相互关系。轻度高胆固醇血症男性（n = 13）和绝经后女性（n = 9）进行了四个随机、交叉、双盲、对照喂养期，每期23天。设计包括两个PS水平（0和3.3克/天）以及两种背景饮食，一种脂肪含量为典型美国饮食（总脂肪和饱和脂肪分别占能量的33.5%和13.2%），另一种为1级饮食（总脂肪和饱和脂肪分别占能量的26.4%和7.7%）。与典型美国饮食相比，1级饮食使血浆总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、载脂蛋白A1和载脂蛋白B分别降低了4.3%、5.3%、4.5%、2.8%和2.5%（P≤0.0001；<0.0001、0.0016、0.0006和0.0069）。饮食对TC/HDL胆固醇无影响（P = 0.1062）。植物甾醇摄入量使TC、LDL胆固醇和载脂蛋白B分别降低了9.0%、12.4%和6.1%，使TC/HDLC降低了9.6%（所有P≤0.0001），而不影响HDL胆固醇和载脂蛋白A1（P = 0.2831和0.732）。PS降低血浆TC和LDL胆固醇的作用独立于饮食脂肪减少的作用且具有相加性。血浆类胡萝卜素对PS摄入的反应与文献一致。
