Nguyen Ninh T, Magno Cheryl P, Lane Karen T, Hinojosa Marcelo W, Lane John S
Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
J Am Coll Surg. 2008 Dec;207(6):928-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.08.022. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are common conditions associated with obesity. This study provides current estimates of the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome according to the severity of obesity in men and women participating in the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Data from a representative sample of 13,745 US men and women who participated in the NHANES between 1999 and 2004 were reviewed. Overweight and obesity classes 1, 2, and 3 were defined as a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9, 30.0 to 34.9, 35.0 to 39.9, and> or =40.0 kg/m(2), respectively. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the 2004 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference proceedings.
With increasing overweight and obesity class, there is an increase in the prevalence of hypertension (18.1% for normal weight to 52.3% for obesity class 3), diabetes (2.4% for normal weight to 14.2% for obesity class 3), dyslipidemia (8.9% for normal weight to 19.0% for obesity class 3), and metabolic syndrome (13.6% for normal weight to 39.2% for obesity class 3). With normal weight individuals as a reference, individuals with obesity class 3 had an adjusted odds ratio of 4.8 (95% CI 3.8 to 5.9) for hypertension, 5.1 (95% CI 3.7 to 7.0) for diabetes, 2.2 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.4) for dyslipidemia, and 2.0 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.8) for metabolic syndrome.
The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome substantially increases with increasing body mass index. These findings have important public health implications for the prevention and treatments (surgical and nonsurgical) of obesity.
高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常是与肥胖相关的常见病症。本研究根据参与1999年至2004年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的男性和女性的肥胖严重程度，提供了高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和代谢综合征患病率的当前估计值。
回顾了1999年至2004年间参与NHANES的13745名美国男性和女性的代表性样本数据。超重和1、2、3级肥胖分别定义为体重指数为25.0至29.9、30.0至34.9、35.0至39.9以及≥40.0kg/m²。代谢综合征根据2004年美国国立心肺血液研究所/美国心脏协会会议记录进行定义。
随着超重和肥胖等级的增加，高血压患病率（正常体重者为18.1%，3级肥胖者为52.3%）、糖尿病患病率（正常体重者为2.4%，3级肥胖者为14.2%）、血脂异常患病率（正常体重者为8.9%，3级肥胖者为19.0%）和代谢综合征患病率（正常体重者为13.6%，3级肥胖者为39.2%）均有所增加。以正常体重个体为参照，3级肥胖个体患高血压的校正比值比为4.8（95%可信区间3.8至5.9），患糖尿病的校正比值比为5.1（95%可信区间3.7至7.0），患血脂异常的校正比值比为2.2（95%可信区间1.7至2.4），患代谢综合征的校正比值比为2.0（95%可信区间1.4至2.8）。
随着体重指数增加，高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和代谢综合征的患病率大幅上升。这些发现对肥胖症的预防和治疗（手术和非手术）具有重要的公共卫生意义。
