Jones P, Bampouras T M, Marrin K
School of Health and Social Sciences, University of Bolton, Bolton, Lancashire, UK.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2009 Mar;49(1):97-104.
Change of direction speed (CODS) is an important attribute for many sports and is believed to be influenced by a variety of physical factors. However, there is a lack of consensus as to which physical attributes relate to CODS. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of several physical attributes to CODS.
Thirty-eight subjects (mean+/-SD: age, 21.5+/-3.8 years; height, 1.77+/-0.07 m; mass, 77.5+/-13.9 kg) undertook tests of speed, CODS, strength and power. Running speed was assessed via a 25 m sprint with split times taken at 5, 20 and 25 m. CODS was assessed by a 505-test, which involves measuring the time to complete a 5 m out and back course. The strength and power tests included unilateral isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee extensor and flexor strength at 60 degrees /s and bilateral leg press, countermovement and drop jumps. Pearson's product moment correlation and co-efficients of determination were used to explore relationships amongst all variables. Multiple regression was used to determine the combined effects of significantly correlated variables on CODS.
Stepwise multiple regression revealed that running speed explained 58% of the variance in CODS (F(1,33)=45.796, P<0.001) with the addition of eccentric knee flexor strength raising the value to 67% (F(1,32)=8.781, P=0.006).
The results suggest that for basic improvements in CODS, athletes should seek to maximise their sprinting ability and enhance their eccentric knee flexor strength to allow effective neuromuscular control of the contact phase of the CODS task.
变向速度（CODS）是许多运动项目的一项重要属性，并且被认为受到多种身体因素的影响。然而，关于哪些身体属性与CODS相关，目前尚无共识。本研究的目的是检验几种身体属性与CODS之间的关系。
38名受试者（平均±标准差：年龄，21.5±3.8岁；身高，1.77±0.07米；体重，77.5±13.9千克）进行了速度、CODS、力量和功率测试。跑步速度通过25米短跑进行评估，在5米、20米和25米处记录分段时间。CODS通过505测试进行评估，该测试包括测量完成一个5米往返路线的时间。力量和功率测试包括在60度/秒时的单侧等速向心和离心膝关节伸肌及屈肌力量，以及双侧腿举、反向运动跳和纵跳。使用Pearson积矩相关性和决定系数来探索所有变量之间的关系。多元回归用于确定显著相关变量对CODS的综合影响。
逐步多元回归显示，跑步速度解释了CODS中58%的方差（F(1,33)=45.796，P<0.001），加入离心膝关节屈肌力量后，该值提高到67%（F(1,32)=8.781，P=0.006）。
结果表明，为了基本提高CODS，运动员应寻求最大化他们的短跑能力，并增强他们的离心膝关节屈肌力量，以便在CODS任务的接触阶段实现有效的神经肌肉控制。
