Albanese Joseph, Birnbaum Marvin, Cannon Christopher, Cappiello Joseph, Chapman Elaine, Paturas James, Smith Stewart
Yale New Haven Center for Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2008 Sep-Oct;23(5):385-90. doi: 10.1017/s1049023x00006105.
The impact of catastrophic events on hospitals and communities is huge and continues to hinder progress in developing nations and industrialized countries alike. Over the last 10 years, the UN/ISDR has sponsored a series of global conferences to increase awareness of the importance of risk and vulnerability reduction and the need to build disaster resilient communities. In recognition that hospitals contribute to the health and resiliency of a community, ISDR has adopted the PAHO and WHO "Safe and Resilient Hospital" initiative. The primary focus of the initiative is to ensure the physical and functional integrity of hospitals during a disaster. Hospital resiliency also must encompass the ability to fully integrate hospital facilities and their services into an overall community response to prevent hospitals from becoming isolated from other responding organizations. In order to help promote the "safe and resilient hospital" initiative, during the 15WCDEM, three strategic objectives were identified for hospitals that meet SEARO Benchmark #5. These are: (1) establish tiers of standards (criteria) that define "safe and resilient" hospitals in diverse regions of the world; (2) develop a tool to assess the extent to which hospitals, meet the criteria for "safe and resilient" hospitals; and (3) apply the evidence derived from use of this tool to promote the concept of "safe and resilient" hospitals as an integral part of emergency preparedness, responses, and recovery, and maximize the political commitment from decision-makers within and outside the healthcare sector to support, protect, and integrate the initiative into a community-wide disaster response. Ultimately, attaining these objectives will protect the lives of patients and healthcare workers, ensure that hospitals are able to provide urgently needed and everyday medical care to the community they serve and minimize risk and vulnerabilities of patients, healthcare workers and other individuals within the community.
灾难性事件对医院和社区的影响巨大,且仍在阻碍发展中国家和工业化国家的进步。在过去十年中,联合国/国际减灾战略署发起了一系列全球会议,以提高人们对降低风险和脆弱性的重要性以及建设抗灾社区必要性的认识。鉴于医院对社区健康和恢复力的贡献,国际减灾战略署采纳了泛美卫生组织和世界卫生组织的“安全且具恢复力的医院”倡议。该倡议的主要重点是确保医院在灾难期间的物理和功能完整性。医院的恢复力还必须包括将医院设施及其服务充分融入社区整体应对措施的能力,以防止医院与其他应对组织隔绝。为了帮助推动“安全且具恢复力的医院”倡议,在第15届世界灾害与紧急医学大会期间,为符合东南亚区域办事处基准#5的医院确定了三个战略目标。这些目标是:(1)制定分级标准(准则),界定世界不同地区“安全且具恢复力”的医院;(2)开发一种工具,评估医院符合“安全且具恢复力”医院标准的程度;(3)运用从该工具使用中获得的证据,推广“安全且具恢复力”医院的概念,使其成为应急准备、应对和恢复的一个组成部分,并最大限度地争取医疗保健部门内外决策者的政治承诺,以支持、保护该倡议并将其纳入全社区的灾害应对行动。最终,实现这些目标将保护患者和医护人员的生命,确保医院能够为其服务的社区提供急需的日常医疗护理,并最大限度地降低患者、医护人员和社区内其他人员的风险和脆弱性。