Wichmann-Schauer Heidi, Koch J, Hartung M, Roth S, Stark K, Käsbohrer A, Lorenz K, Werber D
Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2009 Feb;52(2):157-67. doi: 10.1007/s00103-009-0761-4.
Prevention and control of food-borne zoonoses is given high priority in Germany and in the European Union. To implement targeted control measures, detailed data are necessary on human zoonoses and on the prevalence of zoonotic agents along the food chain. EU-wide legislations have been stipulated that allow collection and collation of relevant data across member states. The necessary structures have been established and are being constantly refined. In addition, surveillance systems and early warning systems have been improved or set up, respectively, to timely investigate and control food-borne outbreaks and to transnationally communicate food safety risks. For prevention and control to be effective, well-defined responsibilities and close collaboration of public health, veterinary public health and food safety authorities are needed. This report reviews the pertinent legislation, the established structures, and the collaboration of competent authorities in Germany and particularly in Europe. In the future, data quality and collaboration on national and EU levels will likely be further improved. Targeted control measures, particularly at primary production, are expected to lead to a sustainable reduction of the incidence of food-borne zoonoses.
在德国和欧盟，食源性人畜共患病的预防和控制工作受到高度重视。为实施有针对性的控制措施，需要关于人类人畜共患病以及食物链中动物源性病原体流行情况的详细数据。欧盟已制定相关立法，允许在各成员国收集和整理相关数据。必要的架构已经建立并在不断完善。此外，监测系统和早期预警系统分别得到了改进或建立，以便及时调查和控制食源性疾病暴发，并跨国交流食品安全风险。为使预防和控制工作有效开展，公共卫生、兽医公共卫生和食品安全当局需要明确职责并密切合作。本报告回顾了德国尤其是欧洲的相关立法、已建立的架构以及主管当局之间的合作情况。未来，国家和欧盟层面的数据质量及合作可能会进一步改善。有针对性的控制措施，特别是在初级生产环节，有望可持续地降低食源性人畜共患病的发病率。
