Yan Yajun, Liao James C
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2009 Apr;36(4):471-9. doi: 10.1007/s10295-009-0532-0. Epub 2009 Feb 7.
The depleting petroleum storage and increasing environmental deterioration are threatening the sustainable development of human societies. As such, biofuels and chemical feedstocks generated from renewable sources are becoming increasingly important. Although previous efforts led to great success in bio-ethanol production, higher alcohols, fatty acid derivatives including biodiesels, alkanes, and alkenes offer additional advantages because of their compatibility with existing infrastructure. In addition, some of these compounds are useful chemical feedstocks. Since native organisms do not naturally produce these compounds in high quantities, metabolic engineering becomes essential in constructing producing organisms. In this article, we briefly review the four major metabolic systems, the coenzyme-A mediated pathways, the keto acid pathways, the fatty acid pathway, and the isoprenoid pathways, that allow production of these fuel-grade chemicals.
日益减少的石油储备和不断加剧的环境恶化正威胁着人类社会的可持续发展。因此，可再生资源生产的生物燃料和化学原料变得越来越重要。尽管此前的努力在生物乙醇生产方面取得了巨大成功，但高级醇、包括生物柴油在内的脂肪酸衍生物、烷烃和烯烃因其与现有基础设施的兼容性而具有额外优势。此外，其中一些化合物还是有用的化学原料。由于天然生物不会大量自然产生这些化合物，代谢工程在构建生产生物方面就变得至关重要。在本文中，我们简要回顾了四种主要的代谢系统，即辅酶A介导途径、酮酸途径、脂肪酸途径和类异戊二烯途径，这些途径可用于生产这些燃料级化学品。
