Siahpush Mohammad, Wakefield Melanie A, Spittal Matt J, Durkin Sarah J, Scollo Michelle M
Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6075, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2009 Apr;36(4):285-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.013. Epub 2009 Feb 6.
The CDC, the WHO, and the World Bank promote increases in the price of cigarettes as an effective and important tobacco-control strategy. This study was designed to assess the extent to which the association between the price of cigarettes and smoking prevalence, as measured monthly, varies by income group.
Australian population survey data collected monthly from January 1991 to December 2006 were used to estimate Poisson regression models to assess the impact of the price of cigarettes on smoking prevalence across three income groups. Analyses were conducted in 2008.
There was strong evidence that real price and prevalence were negatively associated (p<0.001) and that the association was stronger in lower-income groups (p<0.001). One Australian dollar increase in price was associated with a decline of 2.6%, 0.3%, and 0.2% in the prevalence of smoking among low-, medium-, and high-income groups, respectively.
Increasing the price of cigarettes not only is an effective tobacco-control strategy to lower smoking prevalence in the general population, but also may provide a means of reducing social disparities in smoking.
美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）、世界卫生组织（WHO）以及世界银行都倡导提高卷烟价格，将其作为一项有效且重要的烟草控制策略。本研究旨在评估以月为单位衡量的卷烟价格与吸烟率之间的关联在不同收入群体中变化的程度。
利用1991年1月至2006年12月每月收集的澳大利亚人口调查数据，估计泊松回归模型，以评估卷烟价格对三个收入群体吸烟率的影响。分析于2008年进行。
有充分证据表明实际价格与吸烟率呈负相关（p<0.001），且这种关联在低收入群体中更强（p<0.001）。价格每上涨1澳元，低收入、中等收入和高收入群体的吸烟率分别下降2.6%、0.3%和0.2%。
提高卷烟价格不仅是降低普通人群吸烟率的有效烟草控制策略，而且可能为减少吸烟方面的社会差异提供一种手段。
