Jaklitsch Walter M, Põldmaa Kadri, Samuels Gary J
Faculty Centre for Systematic Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
Mycologia. 2008 Nov-Dec;100(6):962-84. doi: 10.3852/08-101.
The genus Protocrea is redefined, based on holotype and fresh specimens of its type species P. farinosa, using morphology of teleomorph and anamorph and phylogenetic analyses of rpb2 sequences. Data based on currently available specimens suggest the existence of three well defined and three still unnamed species. Apart from the type, P. farinosa, none of the species originally included are accepted in the genus. Species of Protocrea are characterized by perithecia formed in or on a subiculum, bicellular ascospores that disarticulate at the septum while still in the ascus and by anamorphs belonging to Gliocladium sensu stricto. For Hypocrea farinosa sensu auct. the new species H. decipiens is introduced. Hypocrea pallida is recognized as a species of Protocrea. It is closely related to P. farinosa, morphologically, phylogenetically and by habit. Protocrea illinoënsis is described here as the sister taxon of P. farinosa found in the USA. All species are polyporicolous, with the principal hosts Skeletocutis nivea for P. farinosa and P. illinoënsis, and species of Oligoporus/Tyromyces for P. pallida. In addition to hosts the main differences among these species are a stronger (orange) pigmentation of perithecia and subiculum in P. pallida and a violaceous KOH reaction in P. pallida and P. illinoënsis. P. farinosa is known only from Europe with certainty and P. illinoënsis only from the USA, while P. pallida is probably cosmopolitan. Putative synonymy of some similar species is discussed.
基于模式种粉状原肉座菌（Protocrea farinosa）的全模式标本和新鲜标本，利用有性型和无性型的形态学特征以及rpb2序列的系统发育分析，对原肉座菌属进行了重新定义。基于现有标本的数据表明，存在三个已明确界定的物种和三个尚未命名的物种。除了模式种粉状原肉座菌外，该属最初包含的物种均未被认可。原肉座菌属的物种特征为：子囊壳在菌膜内或菌膜上形成，双细胞的子囊孢子在子囊内仍位于隔膜处时就会分离，无性型属于狭义的粘帚霉属（Gliocladium sensu stricto）。对于广义的粉状肉座菌（Hypocrea farinosa sensu auct.），引入了新物种欺骗肉座菌（H. decipiens）。苍白肉座菌（Hypocrea pallida）被确认为原肉座菌属的一个物种。它在形态学、系统发育和习性上与粉状原肉座菌密切相关。伊利诺伊原肉座菌（Protocrea illinoënsis）在此被描述为在美国发现的粉状原肉座菌的姊妹分类单元。所有物种均生长在多孔菌上，粉状原肉座菌和伊利诺伊原肉座菌的主要寄主为雪白棱孔菌（Skeletocutis nivea），苍白原肉座菌的寄主为寡孔菌属/干酪菌属（Oligoporus/Tyromyces）的物种。除寄主外，这些物种之间的主要差异在于苍白原肉座菌的子囊壳和菌膜有更强的（橙色）色素沉着，以及苍白原肉座菌和伊利诺伊原肉座菌有紫色的氢氧化钾反应。粉状原肉座菌仅在欧洲有确切记录，伊利诺伊原肉座菌仅在美国有记录，而苍白原肉座菌可能分布于全球。文中还讨论了一些相似物种的假定同义关系。
