Pennsylvania State University, Department of Plant Pathology, 301 Buckhout Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.
Mycologia. 2003 Nov-Dec;95(6):1100-40.
Species of Trichoderma and Hypocrea that have green conidia and sterile or fertile elongations of their conidiophores are described or redescribed and their phylogenetic position explored. The described species include T. crassum, T. fasciculatum, T. fertile, T. hamatum, T. longipile, T. oblongisporum, T. pubescens, T. spirale, T. strictipile, T. strigosum, T. stromaticum, T. tomentosum, Hypocrea aureoviridis f. macrospora, H. ceramica. and H. semiorbis. Trichoderma fasciculatum originally was described from cultures from ascospores of an unidentified Hypocrea specimen; it is considered to be a synonym of T. strictipile. The remaining species of Trichoderma considered here have not been linked to teleomorphs, and the Trichoderma anamorphs of H. aureoviridis f. macrospora and H. semiorbis have not been named. Five new species of Hypocrea are described, viz. H. cremea, H. cuneispora, H. estonica, H. strictipilosa and H. surrotunda. The phylogenetic relationships of these species were inferred based on partial RPB2 and EF-1α DNA sequence data and phenotypic characteristics, including teleomorph, anamorph, colony and growth rates. Trichoderma crassum was found to be a sister species to T. virens, based on molecular sequences and phenotypic data. Hypocrea surrotunda and H. cremea, H. cuneispora and T. longipile, T. fertile and T. oblongisporum, T. tomentosum and H. atrogelatinosa, and T. hamatum and T. pubescens, respectively, were found to be closely related phylogenetically, based on RPB2 and EF-1α gene genealogies. Anamorph and teleomorph phenotype, including conidiophore elongations, phialide morphology, conidial morphology, stroma anatomy and ascospore morphology are not useful predictors of relationships. Despite the shared phenotypic characters of these Trichoderma and Hypocrea species, they are distributed between two major clades of Trichoderma/Hypocrea. Redescriptions and a key to species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma with green conidia and conidiophore elongations are presented.
描述或重新描述了具有绿色分生孢子和分生孢子梗无菌或可育伸长的拟青霉属和木霉属物种，并探讨了它们的系统发育位置。描述的物种包括 T. crassum、T. fasciculatum、T. fertile、T. hamatum、T. longipile、T. oblongisporum、T. pubescens、T. spirale、T. strictipile、T. strigosum、T. stromaticum、T. tomentosum、Hypocrea aureoviridis f. macrospora、H. ceramica 和 H. semiorbis。T. fasciculatum 最初是从未鉴定的 Hypocrea 标本的子囊孢子培养物中描述的，它被认为是 T. strictipile 的同义词。这里考虑的其余木霉属物种尚未与同型结合，Hypocrea aureoviridis f. macrospora 和 H. semiorbis 的拟青霉属无性型尚未命名。描述了五个新的 Hypocrea 物种，即 H. cremea、H. cuneispora、H. estonica、H. strictipilosa 和 H. surrotunda。这些物种的系统发育关系是基于部分 RPB2 和 EF-1α DNA 序列数据和表型特征推断的，包括同型、无性型、菌落和生长速度。基于分子序列和表型数据，T. crassum 被发现是 T. virens 的姊妹种。根据 RPB2 和 EF-1α 基因系统发育，Hypocrea surrotunda 和 H. cremea、H. cuneispora 和 T. longipile、T. fertile 和 T. oblongisporum、T. tomentosum 和 H. atrogelatinosa 以及 T. hamatum 和 T. pubescens 分别在系统发育上密切相关。无性型和同型型表型，包括分生孢子梗伸长、瓶梗形态、分生孢子形态、基质解剖结构和子囊孢子形态，不是关系的有用预测指标。尽管这些拟青霉属和木霉属物种具有共同的表型特征，但它们分布在两个主要的拟青霉属/木霉属分支中。提供了具有绿色分生孢子和分生孢子梗伸长的 Hypocrea/Trichoderma 物种的重新描述和鉴定。
