Livingstone M B E, Rennie K L
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, UK.
Obes Rev. 2009 Mar;10 Suppl 1:34-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00563.x.
There is increasing concern that high intakes of added sugars promote micronutrient dilution. However, the overall conclusion to emerge from the existing evidence base is that associations between reported intakes of added sugars and intakes of micronutrients are inconsistent and often non-linear, both across and within age groups, and between the genders. If a nutrient displacement effect does exist, a high consumption of added sugar does not necessarily compromise overall micronutrient intakes and similarly, consuming less added sugar is no guarantee that micronutrient intakes will be optimized. Clarification of this issue has been beset by methodological and conceptual difficulties. The observed associations between added sugars and micronutrient intake have been heavily contingent on both the definition of sugars chosen and the analytical approach used for adjusting for differences in reported energy intake. These issues have been further compounded by mis-reporting of food intake of unknown direction and magnitude and the cut-offs used to determine 'inadequate' micronutrient intakes which vary over time and between studies and countries. In the absence compelling evidence that micronutrient intakes are compromised by a high consumption of added sugars, it may now be appropriate to question the legitimacy of the nutrient dilution hypothesis as it is highly likely that it is oversimplifying more subtle and complex dietary issues. Recommendations for further research are made to help bring resolution to these issues.
人们越来越担心高添加糖摄入量会导致微量营养素稀释。然而，现有证据得出的总体结论是，报告的添加糖摄入量与微量营养素摄入量之间的关联并不一致，而且在不同年龄组之间、年龄组内部以及不同性别之间往往呈非线性关系。如果确实存在营养素替代效应，高添加糖消费量不一定会损害总体微量营养素摄入量，同样，减少添加糖的摄入量也不能保证微量营养素摄入量会得到优化。由于方法和概念上的困难，这个问题的澄清一直受到困扰。观察到的添加糖与微量营养素摄入量之间的关联在很大程度上取决于所选糖的定义以及用于调整报告能量摄入量差异的分析方法。食物摄入量的未知方向和程度的误报以及用于确定“不足”微量营养素摄入量的临界值随时间以及研究和国家的不同而变化，这些问题使情况更加复杂。在缺乏令人信服的证据表明高添加糖消费量会损害微量营养素摄入量的情况下，现在可能有必要质疑营养素稀释假说的合理性，因为它很可能过度简化了更微妙和复杂的饮食问题。文中提出了进一步研究的建议，以帮助解决这些问题。
