Nutrition Impact, LLC, Battle Creek, MI 49014, USA.
The Sugar Association, Inc., Washington, DC 20005, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 14;12(9):2816. doi: 10.3390/nu12092816.
Different methods for determining the effect of added sugars intake among children and adults on meeting recommended nutrient intakes were compared using 24 h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Four methods were used to determine deciles of added sugars intake (as the percentage of total calories): 1 day intake, 2 day average intake, and individual usual intake (UI) determined with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the multivariate Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Percentages of the population below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for calcium and vitamin D/above the Adequate Intake (AI) for potassium and dietary fiber for each decile of added sugars intake were assessed with the NCI method. Using regression analyses, added sugars intake deciles (by any method) in children were inversely associated ( < 0.001) with percentages below the EAR/above the AI of vitamin D, calcium, potassium, and fiber. In adults, added sugars intake deciles were inversely associated with meeting recommendations for vitamin D, potassium, and fiber. There were no significant between-method differences for regression coefficients for any nutrients investigated. Overall, these methods showed a similar association of added sugars intake with nutrient inadequacy/adequacy; therefore, method preference may depend more on practical reasons.
采用 2011-2014 年国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）24 小时膳食回顾数据，比较了不同方法评估儿童和成人添加糖摄入量对满足推荐营养素摄入量的影响。采用 4 种方法确定添加糖摄入量的十分位数（占总卡路里的百分比）：1 天摄入量、2 天平均摄入量和国家癌症研究所（NCI）确定的个体常用摄入量（UI）和多元马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法。用 NCI 方法评估了每个添加糖摄入量十分位数的人群中钙和维生素 D 低于估计平均需求量（EAR）/钾和膳食纤维高于适宜摄入量（AI）的比例。通过回归分析，儿童的添加糖摄入量十分位数（任何方法）与维生素 D、钙、钾和纤维的 EAR/AI 以下的比例呈负相关（<0.001）。在成年人中，添加糖摄入量十分位数与维生素 D、钾和纤维的推荐摄入量呈负相关。对于所研究的任何营养素，回归系数之间没有显著的方法差异。总体而言，这些方法显示添加糖摄入量与营养不足/充足之间存在相似的关联；因此，方法偏好可能更多地取决于实际原因。
