Lai Yuping, Gallo Richard L
Division of Dermatology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2009 Mar;30(3):131-41. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2008.12.003. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely expressed and rapidly induced at epithelial surfaces to repel assault from diverse infectious agents including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Much information suggests that AMPs act by mechanisms that extend beyond their capacity to serve as gene-encoded antibiotics. For example, some AMPs alter the properties of the mammalian membrane or interact with its receptors to influence diverse cellular processes including cytokine release, chemotaxis, antigen presentation, angiogenesis and wound healing. These functions complement their antimicrobial action and favor resolution of infection and repair of damaged epithelia. Opposing this, some microbes have evolved mechanisms to inactivate or avoid AMPs and subsequently become pathogens. Thus, AMPs are multifunctional molecules that have a central role in infection and inflammation.
抗菌肽（AMPs）在上皮表面广泛表达且能被快速诱导，以抵御包括细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫在内的多种感染因子的侵袭。大量信息表明，抗菌肽的作用机制超出了其作为基因编码抗生素的能力。例如，一些抗菌肽会改变哺乳动物细胞膜的特性或与其受体相互作用，从而影响包括细胞因子释放、趋化作用、抗原呈递、血管生成和伤口愈合在内的多种细胞过程。这些功能补充了它们的抗菌作用，有利于感染的消退和受损上皮的修复。与此相反，一些微生物已经进化出使抗菌肽失活或避开抗菌肽的机制，随后成为病原体。因此，抗菌肽是多功能分子，在感染和炎症中起核心作用。
