Gordon Aubree, Ortega Oscar, Kuan Guillermina, Reingold Arthur, Saborio Saira, Balmaseda Angel, Harris Eva
School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7354, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Mar;15(3):408-14. doi: 10.3201/eid1503.080238.
Although information about seasonality and prevalence of influenza is crucial for development of effective prevention and control strategies, limited data exist on the epidemiology of influenza in tropical countries. To better understand influenza in Nicaragua, we performed a prospective 2-year cohort study of influenza-like illness (ILI) involving 4,276 children, 2-11 years of age, in Managua, during April 2005-April 2007. One peak of ILI activity occurred during 2005, in June-July; 2 peaks occurred during 2006, in June-July and November-December. The rate of ILI was 34.8/100 person-years. A household risk factor survey administered to a subset (61%) of participants identified the following risk factors: young age, asthma, and increasing person density in the household. Influenza virus circulation was confirmed during each ILI peak by laboratory testing of a subset of samples. Our findings demonstrate a high rate of ILI, with seasonal peaks, in children in Nicaragua.
尽管有关流感季节性和流行情况的信息对于制定有效的预防和控制策略至关重要，但热带国家流感流行病学的数据有限。为了更好地了解尼加拉瓜的流感情况，我们在2005年4月至2007年4月期间，对马那瓜4276名2至11岁的儿童进行了一项为期2年的流感样疾病（ILI）前瞻性队列研究。ILI活动的一个高峰出现在2005年的6月至7月；2006年出现了两个高峰，分别在6月至7月和11月至12月。ILI发病率为34.8/100人年。对一部分（61%）参与者进行的家庭危险因素调查确定了以下危险因素：年龄小、哮喘以及家庭人口密度增加。通过对一部分样本进行实验室检测，在每个ILI高峰期间均确认了流感病毒的传播。我们的研究结果表明，尼加拉瓜儿童的ILI发病率很高，且存在季节性高峰。
