Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, PO Box 18512, Hillbrow, Johannesburg 2038, South Africa.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2009 Mar;11(2):135-42. doi: 10.1007/s11908-009-0020-8.
Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) infection is common and frequently asymptomatic. Concerns exist about the high prevalence of HSV-2, particularly in areas of high HIV prevalence, because of observations that HSV-2 is associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition, transmission, and disease progression. Several randomized trials have tested or are testing whether HSV-2 treatment can limit the spread of HIV, with mixed results. Although treatment with acyclovir, 400 mg twice daily, does not reduce HIV incidence, suppressive acyclovir and valacyclovir reduce HIV levels in plasma and in the genital tract. Ongoing trials are evaluating whether HSV suppression will reduce HIV transmission and disease progression. Until a protective HSV-2 or HIV vaccine is available, effective interventions that reduce the effect of HSV-2 on HIV transmission are critically needed.
单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）感染很常见，且常无症状。由于观察到 HSV-2 与 HIV 感染、传播和疾病进展风险增加相关，人们对 HSV-2 的高流行率感到担忧，特别是在 HIV 流行率高的地区。几项随机试验已经或正在测试 HSV-2 治疗是否可以限制 HIV 的传播，但结果喜忧参半。尽管每天两次口服 400 毫克阿昔洛韦治疗不能降低 HIV 的发病率，但抑制性阿昔洛韦和伐昔洛韦可降低血浆和生殖道中的 HIV 水平。正在进行的试验正在评估抑制 HSV 是否会降低 HIV 的传播和疾病进展。在保护性 HSV-2 或 HIV 疫苗问世之前，迫切需要有效的干预措施来降低 HSV-2 对 HIV 传播的影响。
