Satia Jessie A, Walsh Joan F, Pruthi Raj S
Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 2009 Mar-Apr;32(2):107-17. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181982d4c.
Prostate cancer prognosis may be improved by healthy behaviors; however, little is known regarding whether prostate cancer survivors make health behavior changes after diagnosis, and there are no data on racial/ethnic differences. This study explored patterns of and factors that influence healthy behavior changes in diet, physical activity, and dietary supplement use among whites and African Americans (n = 30) aged 45 to 70 years, approximately 1 year after diagnosis with localized prostate cancer. Data were collected by telephone using semistructured qualitative interviews. The mean participant age was 59.6 years, 77% had attended college, 87% were married, and 22% were retired. Most (58%) had improved their diet since diagnosis, defined as eating more fruits/vegetables and less fat. Although 77% reported regular use of at least 1 dietary supplement before diagnosis, several discontinued use after diagnosis. Sixty-seven percent exercised regularly before diagnosis, and most of these (75%) continued after diagnosis; however, time and health constraints were barriers. Physician recommendation and family support strongly influenced positive changes. Except for more postdiagnosis dietary improvements in African Americans, there were few racial differences in patterns/motives for behavior changes. Most respondents were motivated to maintain and/or adopt healthy behavioral changes after diagnosis. Nurses/physicians are encouraged to inform their prostate cancer patients about the benefits of healthy eating and regular exercise and about the absence of scientific evidence regarding the benefits/risks of most supplements, particularly herbal formulations.
健康的生活方式或许能改善前列腺癌的预后；然而，对于前列腺癌幸存者在确诊后是否会改变健康行为，我们知之甚少，而且也没有关于种族差异的数据。本研究探讨了45至70岁的白人和非裔美国人（n = 30）在被诊断为局限性前列腺癌大约1年后，饮食、体育活动及膳食补充剂使用方面健康行为改变的模式及影响因素。通过电话采用半结构化定性访谈收集数据。参与者的平均年龄为59.6岁，77%上过大学，87%已婚，22%已退休。大多数人（58%）自确诊后改善了饮食，即多吃水果/蔬菜、少吃脂肪。尽管77%的人在确诊前报告经常使用至少一种膳食补充剂，但有几个人在确诊后停止了使用。67%的人在确诊前经常锻炼，其中大多数人（75%）在确诊后仍继续锻炼；然而，时间和健康限制是障碍。医生的建议和家人的支持对积极的改变有很大影响。除了非裔美国人在确诊后饮食改善更多外，行为改变的模式/动机几乎没有种族差异。大多数受访者在确诊后有动力维持和/或采取健康的行为改变。鼓励护士/医生告知前列腺癌患者健康饮食和定期锻炼的益处，以及关于大多数补充剂，特别是草药配方的益处/风险缺乏科学证据的情况。
