Campbell-Grossman Christie, Hudson Diane Brage, Keating-Lefler Rebecca, Yank Jodell R, Obafunwa Titilola
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0220, USA.
Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 2009;32(1):31-46. doi: 10.1080/01460860802610194.
Hispanic, single, low-income mothers are a vulnerable population who are often identified as having difficult transitioning to motherhood and successfully using the U.S. health care system. The purpose of this study was to examine needs, concerns, and social support of Hispanic, single, low-income mothers during the transition to motherhood through the eyes of community leaders serving this population in the U.S. Two focus groups were conducted, and 16 Midwestern community leaders working or volunteering with the Hispanic population expressed their opinions. Two investigators and two graduate nursing students evaluated the data. The process of word and context interpretation was completed using a combination of Tesch (1990) and Creswell (2007) techniques. Data were compared to field notes and debriefing summaries were completed during focus group discussions. Four themes and 12 subthemes evolved from the group discussions. Themes were (a) mothers' social support, (b) interactions with health care providers, (c) barriers in trust, and (d) practical life issues. A conclusion was drawn from these data that these women have difficulty accessing social support and information regarding care of themselves and their newborn infants due to limited social networks and barriers to health care. Nurses are in key positions to offer culturally sensitive social support and identify health care barriers with Hispanic, single, low-income mothers during the transition to motherhood. Further research is needed on interventions that effectively deliver information, lower health care barriers, and meet social support needs of Hispanic, single, low-income mothers and their infants.
西班牙裔单身低收入母亲是弱势群体，她们常常被认为在向母亲角色转变以及成功利用美国医疗保健系统方面存在困难。本研究的目的是通过在美国为这一群体服务的社区领袖的视角，考察西班牙裔单身低收入母亲在向母亲角色转变过程中的需求、担忧和社会支持情况。研究开展了两个焦点小组，16位在美国中西部地区为西班牙裔群体工作或志愿服务的社区领袖表达了他们的看法。两名研究人员和两名护理学研究生对数据进行了评估。运用特施（1990年）和克雷斯韦尔（2007年）的技术相结合的方法完成了词语和语境解读过程。将数据与现场记录进行比较，并在焦点小组讨论期间完成汇报总结。小组讨论产生了四个主题和12个子主题。主题分别为：（a）母亲的社会支持；（b）与医疗保健提供者的互动；（c）信任障碍；（d）实际生活问题。从这些数据得出的结论是，由于社交网络有限和医疗保健方面的障碍，这些女性在获取有关自身及新生儿护理的社会支持和信息方面存在困难。护士在为西班牙裔单身低收入母亲在向母亲角色转变过程中提供具有文化敏感性的社会支持以及识别医疗保健障碍方面处于关键地位。需要进一步研究能有效提供信息、降低医疗保健障碍并满足西班牙裔单身低收入母亲及其婴儿社会支持需求的干预措施。
