Talbi Chiraz, Holmes Edward C, de Benedictis Paola, Faye Ousmane, Nakouné Emmanuel, Gamatié Djibo, Diarra Abass, Elmamy Bezeid Ould, Sow Adama, Adjogoua Edgard Valery, Sangare Oumou, Dundon William G, Capua Ilaria, Sall Amadou A, Bourhy Hervé
Institut Pasteur, UPRE Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2009 Apr;90(Pt 4):783-791. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.007765-0. Epub 2009 Mar 4.
The burden of rabies in Africa is estimated at 24,000 human deaths year(-1), almost all of which result from infection with dog rabies viruses (RABV). To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of RABV in western and central Africa, 92 isolates sampled from 27 African countries over 29 years were collected and sequenced. This revealed that RABV currently circulating in dogs in this region fell into a single lineage designated 'Africa 2'. A detailed analysis of the phylogeographical structure of this Africa 2 lineage revealed strong population subdivision at the country level, with only limited movement of virus among localities, including a possible east-to-west spread across Africa. In addition, Bayesian coalescent analysis suggested that the Africa 2 lineage was introduced into this region of Africa only recently (probably <200 years ago), in accordance with the timescale of expanding European colonial influence and urbanization, and then spread relatively slowly, perhaps occupying the entire region in a 100 year period.
据估计，非洲每年因狂犬病死亡的人数为24000人，几乎所有死亡都源于感染犬狂犬病病毒（RABV）。为了研究狂犬病病毒在非洲西部和中部的进化动态，收集并测序了在29年时间里从27个非洲国家采集的92株病毒分离株。结果显示，目前在该地区犬类中传播的狂犬病病毒属于一个名为“非洲2型”的单一谱系。对该非洲2型谱系的系统地理学结构进行的详细分析表明，在国家层面存在强烈的种群细分，病毒在不同地点之间的传播有限，包括可能从非洲东部向西传播。此外，贝叶斯合并分析表明，非洲2型谱系是最近才传入非洲这一地区的（可能<200年前），这与欧洲殖民影响扩大和城市化的时间尺度一致，随后传播相对缓慢，可能在100年的时间里占据了整个地区。
