Kyle Brandon N, McNeil Daniel W, Weinstein Benjamin J, Mark James D
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, 53 Campus Drive, P. O. Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506-6040, USA.
J Behav Med. 2009 Aug;32(4):360-70. doi: 10.1007/s10865-009-9210-y. Epub 2009 Mar 12.
While stimulus intensity obviously affects degree of pain responding, presentation order effects of stimuli of different intensities on acute pain responses are under-researched. The present study examined the effects of manipulating presentation order of lower and higher pain stimulus intensity. Using 96 undergraduates, this investigation employed a 2 x 2 mixed research design, with pain stimulus sequence as a between-subjects variable and pain stimulus trial as a repeated measure. When the greater pain stimulus intensity was presented last, verbal report of pain was higher. Also, performance of a cognitive task was interrupted the least when the lower stimulus intensity was presented last. Heart rate, however, was highest when the greater stimulus intensity was presented first, and pain tolerance was greatest when the lower stimulus intensity was presented first. Results are discussed in relation to adaptation-level effects, and implications for pain experienced in clinical settings are suggested.
虽然刺激强度显然会影响疼痛反应的程度，但不同强度刺激的呈现顺序对急性疼痛反应的影响研究不足。本研究考察了操纵低强度和高强度疼痛刺激呈现顺序的影响。本调查以96名大学生为对象，采用2×2混合研究设计，将疼痛刺激顺序作为组间变量，将疼痛刺激试验作为重复测量。当较大疼痛刺激强度最后呈现时，疼痛的言语报告更高。此外，当较低刺激强度最后呈现时，认知任务的表现受到的干扰最小。然而，当较大刺激强度首先呈现时心率最高，而当较低刺激强度首先呈现时疼痛耐受性最大。结合适应水平效应讨论了结果，并提出了对临床环境中疼痛体验的启示。
