Scougall-Vilchis Rogelio José, Hotta Yasuaki, Hotta Masato, Idono Taizo, Yamamoto Kohji
Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry Asahi University 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho City, Gifu 501-0296, Japan.
Dent Mater J. 2009 Jan;28(1):102-12. doi: 10.4012/dmj.28.102.
This study was conducted to examine the ultrastructures of eight recently improved light-cure restorative composite resins with scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM). Additionally, Vickers hardness, volume/weight fraction of filler, and chemical composition were analyzed. Composite resins selected for evaluation were Beautifil II, Clearfil AP-X, Clearfil Majesty, Estelite sigma, Filtek Supreme, Filtek Z250, Solare, and Synergy. SEM and TEM images revealed a great diversity in ultrastructure, and Vickers hardness test showed significant differences amongst all the composite resins (except between Clearfil Majesty and Estelite sigma, and between Filtek Supreme and Filtek Z250). By means of EDX, similar elements such as C, O, and Si were detected, but the concentration was different in every composite resin. Results obtained in this study served to validate that the methods employed in this study SEM and TEM at high magnification--were useful in examining the ultrastructures of composite resins. It was also found that the ultrastructure, size of filler particles, volume/weight fraction of filler, and chemical composition of the composite resins had an effect on Vickers hardness. Given the great diversity of ultrastructures amongst the composite resins, which stemmed from the different revolutionary technologies used to manufacture them, further studies are warranted in the search of clinical applications that optimally match the differing properties of these materials.
本研究旨在通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜（SEM和TEM）检查八种近期改良的光固化复合树脂的超微结构。此外，还分析了维氏硬度、填料的体积/重量分数和化学成分。选择进行评估的复合树脂有Beautifil II、Clearfil AP-X、Clearfil Majesty、Estelite sigma、Filtek Supreme、Filtek Z250、Solare和Synergy。SEM和TEM图像显示超微结构存在很大差异，维氏硬度测试表明所有复合树脂之间存在显著差异（Clearfil Majesty和Estelite sigma之间以及Filtek Supreme和Filtek Z250之间除外）。通过能谱仪（EDX）检测到了类似的元素，如C、O和Si，但每种复合树脂中的浓度不同。本研究获得的结果有助于验证本研究中采用的方法——高倍放大的SEM和TEM——在检查复合树脂超微结构方面是有用的。还发现复合树脂的超微结构、填料颗粒大小、填料的体积/重量分数和化学成分对维氏硬度有影响。鉴于复合树脂之间超微结构的巨大差异，这源于用于制造它们的不同创新技术，有必要进一步开展研究，以寻找能最佳匹配这些材料不同性能的临床应用。
