Rutala W A, Cole E C, Wannamaker N S, Weber D J
Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7030.
Am J Med. 1991 Sep 16;91(3B):267S-271S. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(91)90380-g.
Epidemics of mycobacteria due to contamination of medical devices continue to occur. For this reason, we assessed the ability of disinfectants, generally used in hospitals for disinfecting noncritical and semicritical patient care items, to inactivate mycobacteria. A modified Association of Official Analytical Chemists' (AOAC) Tuberculocidal Activity Test, using Middlebrook 7H9 broth as the primary subculture medium and neutralization by dilution, was used to assess the ability of 14 hospital disinfectants to inactivate about 10(6) Mycobacterium tuberculosis and about 10(5) Mycobacterium bovis at 20 degrees C using 10- or 20-minute exposure. All products were tested for each organism using 10 penicylinders (P) and were prepared at the manufacturers' recommended use-dilution. Chlorine dioxide, 0.80% hydrogen peroxide plus 0.06% peroxyacetic acid, and an iodophor achieved complete inactivation (0 + P) of both M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. One quaternary ammonium compound with a tuberculocidal label claim, a quaternary ammonium compound without a tuberculocidal label claim, chlorine (approximately 100 ppm) and 0.13% glutaraldehyde/0.44% phenol/0.08% phenate were not effective (10 + P) against both M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. Another quaternary ammonium compound with a tuberculocidal label claim was tested against only M. bovis and found ineffective (10 + P). Glutaraldehydes (2% alkaline and 2% acid), a phenolic and chlorine (approximately 1,000 ppm) demonstrated complete inactivation of M. tuberculosis (0 + P) and good inactivation of M. bovis (1-3 + P). Two disinfectants, hydrogen peroxide and ethyl alcohol, provided differing results against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. These studies have important implications for disinfecting semicritical patient care items.
由于医疗设备污染导致的分枝杆菌流行仍在继续。因此，我们评估了医院中通常用于消毒非关键和半关键患者护理用品的消毒剂灭活分枝杆菌的能力。采用改良的美国官方分析化学家协会（AOAC）杀结核活性试验，以Middlebrook 7H9肉汤作为主要传代培养基，并通过稀释进行中和，以评估14种医院消毒剂在20℃下分别暴露10或20分钟后灭活约10⁶结核分枝杆菌和约10⁵牛分枝杆菌的能力。所有产品均使用10个青霉素瓶（P）对每种微生物进行测试，并按照制造商推荐的使用稀释度配制。二氧化氯、0.80%过氧化氢加0.06%过氧乙酸和碘伏对结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌均实现了完全灭活（0 + P）。一种有杀结核标签声明的季铵化合物、一种无杀结核标签声明的季铵化合物、氯（约100 ppm）和0.13%戊二醛/0.44%苯酚/0.08%酚盐对结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌均无效（产10 + P）。另一种有杀结核标签声明的季铵化合物仅对牛分枝杆菌进行了测试，结果无效（10 + P）。戊二醛（2%碱性和2%酸性）、一种酚类消毒剂和氯（约1000 ppm）对结核分枝杆菌实现了完全灭活（0 + P），对牛分枝杆菌有良好的灭活效果（1 - 3 + P）。两种消毒剂，过氧化氢和乙醇，对结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌的消毒效果不同。这些研究对消毒半关键患者护理用品具有重要意义。
