Best M, Sattar S A, Springthorpe V S, Kennedy M E
Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Oct;28(10):2234-9. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.10.2234-2239.1990.
The activities of 10 formulations as mycobactericidal agents in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-contaminated suspensions (suspension test) and stainless steel surfaces (carrier test) were investigated with sputum as the organic load. The quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and an iodophor were ineffective in all tests. Ethanol (70%) was effective against M. tuberculosis only in suspension in the absence of sputum. Povidone-iodine was not as efficacious when the test organism was dried on a surface as it was in suspension, and its activity was further reduced in the presence of sputum. Sodium hypochlorite required a higher concentration of available chlorine to achieve an effective level of disinfection than did sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Phenol (5%) was effective under all test conditions, producing at least a 4-log10 reduction in CFU. The undiluted glutaraldehyde-phenate solution was effective against M. tuberculosis and a second test organism, Mycobacterium smegmatis, even in the presence of dried sputum, whereas the diluted solution (1:16) was only effective against M. smegmatis in the suspension test. A solution of 2% glutaraldehyde was effective against M. tuberculosis. This investigation presents tuberculocidal efficacy data generated by methods simulating actual practices of routine disinfection.
以痰液作为有机负荷，研究了10种制剂在受结核分枝杆菌污染的悬浮液（悬浮试验）和不锈钢表面（载体试验）中作为杀分枝杆菌剂的活性。季铵化合物、葡萄糖酸氯己定和碘伏在所有试验中均无效。乙醇（70%）仅在无痰液的悬浮液中对结核分枝杆菌有效。聚维酮碘在试验微生物干燥在表面时不如在悬浮液中有效，且在有痰液存在时其活性进一步降低。与二氯异氰尿酸钠相比，次氯酸钠需要更高浓度的有效氯才能达到有效的消毒水平。苯酚（5%）在所有试验条件下均有效，使菌落形成单位至少减少4个对数级。未稀释的戊二醛酚溶液即使在有干燥痰液存在的情况下，对结核分枝杆菌和第二种试验微生物耻垢分枝杆菌也有效，而稀释溶液（1:16）仅在悬浮试验中对耻垢分枝杆菌有效。2%的戊二醛溶液对结核分枝杆菌有效。本研究提供了通过模拟常规消毒实际操作的方法产生的杀结核杆菌效力数据。
