Labrie Joseph W, Cail Jessica, Hummer Justin F, Lac Andrew, Neighbors Clayton
Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2009 Mar;23(1):157-62. doi: 10.1037/a0013993.
Misperceptions of peer drinking norms have been found to be strongly associated with individual drinking behavior, especially for proximal reference groups such as same-sex friends. Less studied are the effects of perceived preferences from the opposite sex on alcohol use; that is, the behaviors an individual believes the opposite sex prefers from them. Research suggests that these perceived "reflective" normative preferences may be particularly salient among college women, who may drink in pursuit of intimate relationships and positive attention from male peers. Heterosexual undergraduate students from two universities participated in this project. Females answered questions regarding the amount of alcohol they believe a typical male would like his female friends, dates, or romantic partners to drink. Males answered the same questions, stating their actual preferences. Results showed that females overestimate the amount of alcohol males want their female friends, dating partners, and sexual partners to drink, and that this misperception was associated with their drinking behavior, even after controlling for perceived same-sex norms. These results suggest that reflective normative feedback may offer a powerful new tool for female-targeted interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
研究发现，对同伴饮酒规范的误解与个人饮酒行为密切相关，尤其是对于诸如同性朋友等近端参照群体而言。而来自异性的感知偏好对酒精使用的影响则较少受到研究；也就是说，个体认为异性希望他们表现出的行为。研究表明，这些被感知到的“反射性”规范偏好可能在大学女生中尤为突出，她们可能会为了追求亲密关系和来自男性同伴的积极关注而饮酒。来自两所大学的异性本科生参与了这个项目。女性回答了关于她们认为一个普通男性希望他的女性朋友、约会对象或浪漫伴侣饮酒量的问题。男性回答了同样的问题，说出他们的实际偏好。结果显示，女性高估了男性希望他们的女性朋友、约会对象和性伴侣饮酒的量，并且即使在控制了感知到的同性规范之后，这种误解仍与她们的饮酒行为有关。这些结果表明，反射性规范反馈可能为针对女性的干预措施提供一个有力的新工具。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2009 美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
