Goates Blair J, Mercier Julien
USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID-83210, USA.
Can J Microbiol. 2009 Feb;55(2):203-6. doi: 10.1139/w08-104.
Volatile organic compounds produced by the fungus Muscodor albus inhibit or kill numerous fungi. The effect of these volatiles was tested on dormant and physiologically active teliospores of the smut fungi Tilletia horrida, Tilletia indica, and Tilletia tritici, which cause kernel smut of rice, Karnal bunt of wheat, and common bunt of wheat, respectively. Reactivated rye grain culture of M. albus was used to fumigate dormant teliospores in dry Petri dishes and physiologically active teliospores on water agar for up to 5 days at 22 degrees C. Teliospores of all 3 species were incapable of germination when fumigated on agar for 5 days. When T. tritici on agar was fumigated only during the initial 48 h of incubation, viability was reduced by 73%-99%. Fumigation of dry loose teliospores of T. tritici caused a 69%-97% loss in viability, whereas teliospores within intact sori were not affected. Dormant teliospores of T. horrida and T. indica were not affected by M. albus volatiles. It appears that M. albus has potential as a seed or soil treatment for controlling seedling-infecting smuts where infection is initiated by germinating teliospores prior to seedling emergence. The volatiles were not effective for postharvest control of teliospores under conditions used in these experiments.
真菌白麝香葡萄孢产生的挥发性有机化合物能够抑制或杀死多种真菌。分别对引起水稻粒黑粉病、小麦印度腥黑穗病和小麦网腥黑穗病的黑粉菌——稻恶苗病菌、印度腥黑粉菌和小麦网腥黑粉菌的休眠和生理活性冬孢子，测试了这些挥发性物质的作用。用重新活化的白麝香葡萄孢黑麦谷物培养物，在22摄氏度下，对干燥培养皿中的休眠冬孢子和水琼脂上的生理活性冬孢子熏蒸长达5天。当在琼脂上熏蒸5天时，所有这3个物种的冬孢子都不能萌发。当仅在培养的最初48小时对琼脂上的小麦网腥黑粉菌进行熏蒸时，其活力降低了73% - 99%。对小麦网腥黑粉菌干燥松散的冬孢子进行熏蒸，导致其活力损失69% - 97%，而完整孢子堆中的冬孢子则未受影响。稻恶苗病菌和印度腥黑粉菌的休眠冬孢子不受白麝香葡萄孢挥发性物质的影响。看来，白麝香葡萄孢有潜力作为种子或土壤处理剂，用于控制由冬孢子在幼苗出土前萌发引发的幼苗感染性黑粉病。在这些实验所用的条件下，这些挥发性物质对收获后冬孢子的控制无效。
