Casadevall Arturo, Nosanchuk Joshua D, Williamson Peter, Rodrigues Marcio L
Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2009 Apr;17(4):158-62. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2008.12.005. Epub 2009 Mar 18.
Recent findings indicate that fungi use vesicular transport to deliver substances across their cell walls. Fungal vesicles are similar to mammalian exosomes and could originate from cytoplasmic multivesicular bodies. Vesicular transport enables the export of large molecules across the cell wall, and vesicles contain lipids, proteins and polysaccharides, many of which are associated with virulence. Concentration of fungal products in vesicles could increase their efficiency in food acquisition and/or delivering potentially noxious substances to other cells, such as amoebae or phagocytes. The discovery of vesicular transport in fungi opens many new avenues for investigation in basic cell biology and pathogenesis.
最近的研究结果表明，真菌利用囊泡运输将物质运输穿过其细胞壁。真菌囊泡类似于哺乳动物的外泌体，可能起源于细胞质多囊泡体。囊泡运输能够使大分子穿过细胞壁，囊泡中含有脂质、蛋白质和多糖，其中许多与毒力相关。囊泡中真菌产物的浓缩可能会提高它们获取食物的效率和/或将潜在有害物质传递给其他细胞（如变形虫或吞噬细胞）的效率。真菌中囊泡运输的发现为基础细胞生物学和发病机制的研究开辟了许多新途径。
