Lima Lucia Helena Mello de, Viana Maria Carmen
Unidade de Referência Ambulatorial para DST/AIDS, Serra, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009 Mar;25(3):668-76. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009000300021.
Sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy pose a major risk to the fetus due to vertical transmission. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, and HTLV-I/II infection among low-income postpartum and pregnant women treated in Greater Metropolitan Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, and the risk factors associated with these infections. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to October 1999 assessing postpartum and pregnant women from the maternity ward of the Vitória Mercy Hospital and the Carapina Outpatient Referral Unit in the Municipality of Serra, respectively. Patients were systematically interviewed and had blood samples drawn for serological tests (HIV 1&2, VDRL, HbsAg, anti-HCV, and HTLV-I/II). A total of 534 patients (332 postpartum and 202 pregnant women) were assessed. Seroprevalence rates for the target infections in postpartum and pregnant women and the overall sample were as follows, respectively: HIV 0.9%, 0%, and 0.6%; syphilis 2.1%, 3.6%, and 2.7%; HBV 1.2%, 1%, and 1.1%; HCV 1.8%, 0.6%, and 1.4%; and HTLV-I/II 1.7%, 0.6%, and 1.3%. Factors associated with the various infections are presented and analyzed in light of other research findings from the literature.
孕期性传播感染由于垂直传播会对胎儿构成重大风险。该研究的目的是确定在巴西圣埃斯皮里图州大维多利亚地区接受治疗的低收入产后及孕妇中艾滋病毒、梅毒、乙型和丙型肝炎以及人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I/II型（HTLV-I/II）感染的患病率，以及与这些感染相关的风险因素。1999年2月至10月进行了一项横断面研究，分别对维多利亚仁慈医院产科病房和塞拉市卡拉皮纳门诊转诊单位的产后及孕妇进行评估。对患者进行了系统访谈，并采集血样进行血清学检测（艾滋病毒1型和2型、性病研究实验室试验、乙肝表面抗原、抗丙型肝炎病毒和HTLV-I/II）。共评估了534名患者（332名产后妇女和202名孕妇）。产后妇女、孕妇以及总体样本中目标感染的血清阳性率分别如下：艾滋病毒0.9%、0%和0.6%；梅毒2.1%、3.6%和2.7%；乙肝1.2%、1%和1.1%；丙肝1.8%、0.6%和1.4%；HTLV-I/II 1.7%、0.6%和1.3%。结合文献中的其他研究结果，对与各种感染相关的因素进行了阐述和分析。
