Pettit Robin K
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2404, USA.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2009 May;83(1):19-25. doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-1916-9. Epub 2009 Mar 21.
Natural products continue to play a major role in drug discovery and development. However, chemical redundancy is an ongoing problem. Genomic studies indicate that certain groups of bacteria and fungi have dozens of secondary metabolite pathways that are not expressed under standard laboratory growth conditions. One approach to more fully access the metabolic potential of cultivatable microbes is mixed fermentation, where the presence of neighboring microbes may induce secondary metabolite synthesis. Research to date indicates that mixed fermentation can result in increased antibiotic activity in crude extracts, increased yields of previously described metabolites, increased yields of previously undetected metabolites, analogues of known metabolites resulting from combined pathways and, importantly, induction of previously unexpressed pathways for bioactive constituents.
天然产物在药物发现和开发中继续发挥着重要作用。然而，化学冗余是一个持续存在的问题。基因组研究表明，某些细菌和真菌群体拥有数十条在标准实验室生长条件下未表达的次级代谢产物途径。一种更充分挖掘可培养微生物代谢潜力的方法是混合发酵，相邻微生物的存在可能会诱导次级代谢产物的合成。迄今为止的研究表明，混合发酵可使粗提物中的抗生素活性增加、先前描述的代谢产物产量提高、先前未检测到的代谢产物产量增加、由组合途径产生的已知代谢产物类似物，并且重要的是，诱导产生生物活性成分的先前未表达途径。
