Soriano Maria F, Jiménez Juan F, Román Patricia, Bajo M Teresa
Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Br J Psychol. 2009 Nov;100(Pt 4):661-73. doi: 10.1348/000712609X418912. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
Schizophrenic patients are known to exhibit inhibitory impairments in response suppression and selective attention. However, the impairment of inhibitory control in memory retrieval has not clearly been documented. In two experiments, we investigate inhibition in memory retrieval by using the retrieval practice procedure. In Expt 1, a cued recall final test was used. Consistent with previous research, we found similar retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) effects in schizophrenic patients and in controls. However, these effects could be the result of interference/blocking or the results of inhibition. In order to reduce the influence of blocking in Expt 2, we used a recognition test. We found that RIF was reduced in patients, compared to healthy controls. The elimination of RIF effect in patients, when the influence of blocking is reduced, indicates that inhibitory processes in memory are altered in schizophrenia. Result suggest that schizophrenic patients suffer from critical impairments in inhibitory processes involved in memory retrieval, similar to the inhibitory deficits found in other cognitive domains.
已知精神分裂症患者在反应抑制和选择性注意方面表现出抑制功能受损。然而，记忆提取中抑制控制的损害尚未得到明确记录。在两项实验中，我们通过使用提取练习程序来研究记忆提取中的抑制作用。在实验1中，使用了线索回忆最终测试。与先前的研究一致，我们在精神分裂症患者和对照组中发现了类似的提取诱发遗忘（RIF）效应。然而，这些效应可能是干扰/阻断的结果，也可能是抑制的结果。为了在实验2中减少阻断的影响，我们使用了识别测试。我们发现，与健康对照组相比，患者的RIF减少了。当阻断的影响降低时，患者RIF效应的消除表明精神分裂症患者记忆中的抑制过程发生了改变。结果表明，精神分裂症患者在记忆提取所涉及的抑制过程中存在严重损害，类似于在其他认知领域中发现的抑制缺陷。
