Primack Richard B, Miller-Rushing Abraham J
Biology Department, Boston University, 5 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215, USA.
USA National Phenology Network, 1955 East Sixth St., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
New Phytol. 2009;182(2):303-313. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02800.x.
Botanical gardens have a unique set of resources that allows them to host important climate change research projects not easily undertaken elsewhere. These resources include controlled growing conditions, living collections with broad taxonomic representation, meticulous record-keeping, networks spanning wide geographic areas, and knowledgeable staff. Indeed, botanical gardens have already contributed significantly to our understanding of biological responses to climate change, particularly the effects of temperature on the timing of flowering and leaf-out. They have also made significant contributions to the understanding of the relationships among climate, physiology, and anatomy. Gardens are finding new uses for traditional research tools such as herbarium specimens and historical photographs, which are increasingly being used to obtain information on past plant behavior. Additional work on invasive species and comparative studies of responses to climatic variation are providing insights on important ecological, evolutionary, and management questions. With their large collections of plant species from throughout the world and excellent herbaria, botanical gardens are well positioned to expand their current activities to continue to provide leadership in climate change research and education.
植物园拥有一套独特的资源，这使它们能够开展一些重要的气候变化研究项目，而这些项目在其他地方并不容易开展。这些资源包括可控的生长条件、具有广泛分类代表性的活植物收集、细致的记录保存、覆盖广阔地理区域的网络以及知识渊博的工作人员。事实上，植物园已经为我们理解生物对气候变化的反应做出了重大贡献，特别是温度对开花和展叶时间的影响。它们还为理解气候、生理和解剖学之间的关系做出了重要贡献。植物园正在为传统研究工具如植物标本馆标本和历史照片寻找新的用途，这些工具越来越多地被用于获取过去植物行为的信息。关于入侵物种的更多研究以及对气候变化反应的比较研究，正在为重要的生态、进化和管理问题提供见解。凭借其来自世界各地的大量植物物种收藏和优秀的植物标本馆，植物园完全有能力扩大其目前的活动，继续在气候变化研究和教育方面发挥引领作用。
